{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:00:12Z","timestamp":1787238012311,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada - Canada Graduate Scholarships-Master\u2019s Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020170","name":"Research Nova Scotia - Scotia Scholar\u2019s Award","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020170","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Victim age polymorphism describes a pattern of sexual offending in which individuals target victims from multiple distinct age categories (e.g., both child and adult victims). Research on victim age polymorphism and its association with risk-related domains \u2014 namely atypical sexuality and antisociality \u2014 and recidivism is mixed, potentially due to methodological differences across studies (e.g., how victim age is classified). This meta-analysis (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 23,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 12,333) examined associations between victim age polymorphism, the two main risk-related domains (atypical sexuality, antisociality), and recidivism. Meta-regression and the between-level\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                    statistic were used to examine various methodological differences that might contribute to disparate findings. Results indicated that victim age polymorphism was associated with multiple paraphilias, psychopathy, and recidivism. Moderator analyses were limited due to the small number of studies and did not consistently explain the variation in effect sizes. Overall, individuals who are polymorphic share more clinically relevant similarities to individuals who offend exclusively against adults than those who exclusively offend against children. These findings suggest that a greater focus on generalist criminogenic needs (e.g., antisociality) may be warranted in the management of individuals who are polymorphic.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10790632261415817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T13:53:33Z","timestamp":1769262813000},"page":"273-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Meta-Analysis of Atypical Sexuality, Psychopathy, and Recidivism Associated With Victim Age Polymorphism"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3498-8236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha K.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Mary\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desiree L.","family":"Elchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Mary\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0800-8341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Skye","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Mary\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","unstructured":"*References were included in the meta-analysis."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063211420449"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0079791"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470743386"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","unstructured":"* Boughner K. L. (2010). Dimensions of the Static-2002: A statistical and theoretical perspective [Doctoral thesis Spalding University]. Spalding University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"* Brouillette-Alarie S. Proulx J. Hanson R. K. (2018). Three central dimensions of sexual recidivism risk: Understanding the latent constructs of Static-99R and Static-2002R. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment 30(6) 676\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1079063217691965","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063217691965"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"* Brown A. R. Dargis M. A. Mattern A. C. Tsonis M. A. Newman J. P. (2015). Elevated psychopathy scores among mixed sex offenders: Replication and extension. 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(Ed.), Advances in psychology research (15, pp. 51\u201365). Nova Science Publishers."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/135532508X284310"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"* Porter S. Fairweather D. Drugge J. Herve H. Birt A. Boer D. P. (2000). Profiles of psychopathy in incarcerated sex offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior 27(2) 216\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0093854800027002005","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854800027002005"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"* Ryan T. J. Huss M. T. Scalora M. J. (2017). Differentiating sexual offender type on measures of impulsivity and compulsivity. 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