{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:44:54Z","timestamp":1782859494822,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["III-134054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["III-134054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOP-137099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-137099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006601","name":"Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["QC17GR05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QC17GR05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007671","name":"Fondation du CHUM","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Interferon &amp; Cytokine Research"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease in infants, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. A hallmark of RSV pathogenesis is early innate immune evasion by the nonstructural proteins NS1 and NS2. NS2 is a multifunctional interferon (IFN) antagonist that dampens both IFN\u03b2 induction and type I IFN responsiveness by targeting multiple nodes of the RIG-I\/IFN signaling axis. Because NS2-mediated inhibition is often partial and context dependent, quantifying its effects in conventional cell-based assays is challenging. Here, we report the generation and characterization of a stable, virus-free reporter system in human A549 cells to measure NS2-dependent inhibition of dsRNA-driven\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">IFNB<\/jats:italic>\n                    induction. The platform combines stable NS2 expression with genomic integration of a dual cassette encoding a non-targeting short hairpin RNA that constitutively activates IRF-3 to induce a luciferase reporter under\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">IFNB<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter control. This configuration yields a sensitive, reproducible luminescence readout of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">IFNB<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter activity in controlled, infection-free conditions, enabling robust quantification of NS2 antagonism with reduced variability. The scalable luminescence-based format supports early-stage discovery and prioritization of inhibitors that counteract NS2 function, and the modular design is adaptable to other viral antagonists, pathways, and cell types for standardized comparative studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10799907261443406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T10:32:59Z","timestamp":1777026779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Stable Reporter Cell Line to Study Respiratory Syncytial Virus NS2-Mediated Inhibition of\n                    <i>IFNB<\/i>\n                    Promoter Activation"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Acchioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydie","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2211-4020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elina","family":"Gerber-Tichet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Acchioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dacquin M.","family":"Kasumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Sgarbanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0567-0284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Grandvaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2023.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1624007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02303-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.10.6911"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2013.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000360764"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12194"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2110275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02202-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","article-title":"The recent landscape of RSV vaccine research","volume":"13","author":"Kelleher K","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kelleher K, , Subramaniam N, , Drysdale SB. The recent landscape of RSV vaccine research. 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