{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T10:30:52Z","timestamp":1787135452912,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"MCAL Therapeutics","award":["Gift"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Gift"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["K08EY028199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08EY028199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30EY12576"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY12576"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01EY016134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY016134"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This preliminary study sought to determine the pharmacodynamic effect and tolerability of a novel rabbit-derived nonpolar lipid (rNPL593) on tear film breakup time (TFBUT) in healthy beagle dogs as a potential therapy for patients with evaporative dry eye disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In phase 1, two healthy beagle dogs received a single dose of rNPL593 at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 mg\/mL, and TFBUT was measured at different intervals post-dose in both eyes. In phase 2, five dogs received vehicle, 1 or 3 mg\/mL rNPL593 once in both eyes, and TFBUT was measured at 6- and 24-h post-dose. In phase 3, three dogs received multiple doses of 3 mg\/mL rNPL593 over 4 days, and TFBUT was performed 6 and 80 h after the final dose. Semiquantitative preclinical ocular toxicology scoring was performed in all phases to determine tolerability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In phase 1, topical treatment with 3 mg\/mL rNPL593 resulted in a dose-dependent increase in TFBUT, assessed as the preferred concentration. In phase 2, the concentration of 3 mg\/mL was superior to 1 mg\/mL by creating a more pronounced and sustained increase in TFBUT over 24 h. In phase 3, there was an increase in TFBUT measured at 6-h post-dose that returned to baseline levels at 80-h post-dose. The topical rNPL593 was well tolerated in all phases with all doses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment with rNPL593 was well tolerated at all doses tested and resulted in an increased TFBUT that was most pronounced with the 3 mg\/mL concentration at 6- and 24-h post-dose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10807683251382004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T17:30:41Z","timestamp":1758648641000},"page":"38-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Topical Application of a Novel Harderian-Derived Nonpolar Lipid Prolongs Tear Film Breakup Time in Normal Beagle Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Nayone L.","family":"Lantyer-Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin A.","family":"Hisey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Thomasy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MCAL Therapeutics, Park City, Utah, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Casey Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MCAL Therapeutics, Park City, Utah, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Gadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MCAL Therapeutics, Park City, Utah, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul N.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2080-8480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian C.","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.06.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318225415a"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001191R"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108713"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-26812"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2020.100732"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.04.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997a"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6514"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-317907"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8885032"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jovr.jovr_12_18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2021.0015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/opx.0000000000001583"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2012.00801.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17772"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002148"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10516"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.13066"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000002081"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1989.01070020276038"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa9116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-5078"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2017.0108"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000002622"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2018.0040"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2022.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052434"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-022-00516-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02016-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-023-02905-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165936"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.121948"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2016.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.9.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.10.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.53582"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13040452"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10807683251382004","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10807683251382004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10807683251382004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T10:21:13Z","timestamp":1787134873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10807683251382004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10807683251382004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10807683251382004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-7683","1557-7732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-7683","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]]}}}