{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:05:48Z","timestamp":1784865948830,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"\n This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes\n CTX-M<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Qnr<\/jats:italic>\n , as well as the virulence genes\n HlyA, Pap, CNF1<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n Afa<\/jats:italic>\n , in uropathogenic\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n (\n UPEC<\/jats:italic>\n ) isolates from the Egyptian population. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 50\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were collected from urine samples from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) admitted to Tanta University Hospital from December 2020 to November 2021. The isolates were cultured, identified, and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by the disc diffusion method. The\n CTX-M, Qnr<\/jats:italic>\n (\n QnrA, B<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n S<\/jats:italic>\n ),\n Pap, CNF1, HlyA<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n Afa<\/jats:italic>\n genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction in\n UPEC<\/jats:italic>\n isolates. The\n Pap, CNF1, HlyA<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n Afa<\/jats:italic>\n genes were found to be positive in 18%, 12%, 10%, and 2% of the isolates, respectively. In addition,\n CTX-M<\/jats:italic>\n and\n QnrS<\/jats:italic>\n were found to be positive in 44% and 8% of the isolates, while\n QnrA<\/jats:italic>\n and\n B<\/jats:italic>\n were not detected. Furthermore, positive\n Pap, CNF1<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n HlyA<\/jats:italic>\n genes were significantly associated with both upper and lower UTIs, increased frequency, urgency, and dysuria, and complicated UTIs, as well as pyuria over 100 white blood cells per high-power field. In conclusion, the prevalence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes varies by population. At our hospital, the\n Pap<\/jats:italic>\n gene is the most prevalent virulence gene and was strongly associated with complicated UTIs, while the\n CTX-M<\/jats:italic>\n and\n QnrS<\/jats:italic>\n genes were the most prevalent and related to antibiotic resistance. Our findings, however, should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10815589231172497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T06:19:11Z","timestamp":1683353951000},"page":"664-673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Study of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in\n Escherichia coli<\/i>\n isolated from urinary tract infection patients in Tanta University Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Aya A","family":"Helmy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad T","family":"Abdel Ghafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanaa I","family":"Okda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amany M","family":"Abo-Elenein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1587-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33073\/pjm-2019-048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"348","article-title":"Study on the presence of resistant diarrheagenic pathotypes in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection","volume":"12","author":"Derakhshan S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Derakhshan S, Farhadifar F, Roshani D, et al. Study on the presence of resistant diarrheagenic pathotypes in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2019; 12: 348\u2013357.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.653983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59772-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.68531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2850183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"The European Association of Urology. 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The comparison between virulence factors of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections and feacal flora. Res Pharm Sci 2007; 1(2): 99\u2013103.","journal-title":"Res Pharm Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0255-0857(21)01997-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00388.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.130899"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","article-title":"Genotypic characterization of virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with acute cystitis, pyelonephritis and asymptomatic bacteriuria","volume":"10","author":"Tabasi M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tabasi M, Karam MR, Habibi M, et al. Genotypic characterization of virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with acute cystitis, pyelonephritis and asymptomatic bacteriuria. 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