{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T14:10:15Z","timestamp":1779891015168,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine"],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder impacting motor and non-motor functions. The Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene, particularly the rs3738136 (Ala340Thr) polymorphism, is a potential genetic risk factor.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n This meta-analysis investigated the association between rs3738136 (Ala340Thr) polymorphism and PD risk.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study type:<\/jats:title>\n This study type follows meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population:<\/jats:title>\n Nine studies (1613 PD cases, 2126 controls) were included following PRISMA guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment techniques:<\/jats:title>\n This study employed rigorous quality assessment using the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Hardy\u2013Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) checks. Gene ontology and protein\u2013protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were also performed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical tests:<\/jats:title>\n Meta-analyses employed fixed and random-effects models across various genetic models (allelic, dominant, recessive, and overdominant). Sensitivity analyses addressed publication bias and HWE deviations. Power analysis was conducted to assess the study\u2019s ability to detect effects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n No statistically significant association was found between the rs3738136 polymorphism and PD risk (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009>\u20090.05 for all models). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. The power analysis indicated statistical power (>0.8). However, meta-regression revealed high unexplained heterogeneity across studies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n This meta-analysis provides a high-powered and functionally integrated investigation into the rs3738136 polymorphism of the PINK1 gene. Although the findings do not support a direct association with PD susceptibility, our results contribute to clarifying prior conflicting evidence and suggest that this variant is likely functionally neutral. Future studies should explore multi-locus interactions and gene-environment models to better capture the genetic complexity of PD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10815589261448841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T10:26:46Z","timestamp":1777285606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between PTEN-induced kinase 1 (\n PINK1<\/i>\n ) rs3738136 polymorphism and Parkinson\u2019s disease: A meta-analytic study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Anu","family":"Shibi Anilkumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheena Mariam","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramakrishnan","family":"Veerabathiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"679","article-title":"Parkinson Disease","volume":"102","author":"Halli-Tierney AD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Halli-Tierney AD, Luker J, Carroll DG. Parkinson Disease. Am Fam Physician 2020; 102(11): 679\u2013691.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13071003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2024.112532"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(24)00094-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13111551"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-020-00213-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01419-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awae188"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.104782"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-01062-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.097840"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.11.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.09.080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.28.706.49"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"Wells GA Shea B O\u2019Connell D et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses The Cochrane Collaboration Barcelona Spain 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"490","article-title":"Mutation analysis of PINK1 gene in patients with early-onset Parkinsonism","volume":"36","author":"Zhang X","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang X, Zhang H, Liao B, et al. Mutation analysis of PINK1 gene in patients with early-onset Parkinsonism. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2011; 36(6): 490\u2013497.","journal-title":"Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000323812.40708.1f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000167546.39375.82"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.09.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20256"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000271880.27321.a7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2009.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.10.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Unlocking rare diseases genetics: insights from genome-wide association studies and single nucleotide polymorphisms","volume":"7","author":"Alam O","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alam O, Khan N, Ullah A. Unlocking rare diseases genetics: insights from genome-wide association studies and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Int J Mol Microbiol 2024; 7(1): 1\u201328.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c09114"}],"container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10815589261448841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10815589261448841","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10815589261448841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T13:49:17Z","timestamp":1779889757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10815589261448841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10815589261448841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10815589261448841","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-5589","1708-8267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-5589","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-8267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"article-number":"10815589261448841"}}