{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T04:01:15Z","timestamp":1777780875477,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Atten Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study uses the Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ) to measure the causal thinking of 42 college students with diagnosed language-based learning disabilities (LD), ADHD, or co-occurring ADHD and LD. Attribution style, or explanatory style, is a term used to describe the tendencies of individuals to think that the causes of meaningful events are internal or external, global or specific, and stable or unstable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Method: No significant differences in explanatory styles are found among the three subgroups. The study also investigates whether there is a relationship between explanatory style and grades.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Significant positive correlations are found between ASQ scores and grade point averages for the subgroup with co-occurring ADHD and LD and for the three subgroups combined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: These findings are significant because they continue to clarify factors related to the postsecondary success of students with LD and attention deficit disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054706292103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,22]],"date-time":"2007-01-22T19:43:50Z","timestamp":1169495030000},"page":"299-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Explanatory Style and College Students With ADHD and LD"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Solvegi","family":"Shmulsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Landmark College,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Gobbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landmark College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.87.1.49"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","edition":"4"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"ADHD and the nature of self-control","author":"Barkley, R. A.","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Explanatory style","author":"Buchanan, G. M.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.72.3.408"},{"issue":"5","key":"atypb6","volume":"50","author":"Farrell, E.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chronicle of Higher Education"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Learning disabilities in adulthood: Persisting problems and evolving issues","author":"Gerber, P. J.","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/SOCP.144.6.591-612"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00917535"},{"key":"atypb10","unstructured":"Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004, 20 U.S.C. Retrieved March 21, 2006, from http:\/\/www.ed.gov\/policy\/speced\/guid\/idea\/idea2004.html"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.78.1.59"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/108705470300600302"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Learning disabilities: Theories, diagnosis, and teaching strategies","author":"Lerner, J. W.","year":"1997","edition":"7"},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"225","volume-title":"Psychological and educational perspectives on learning disabilities","author":"Licht, B. G.","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"Colleges with programs for students with learning disabilities or attention deficit disorders","author":"Mangrum, C. T., II","year":"2000","edition":"6"},{"issue":"1","key":"atypb16","volume":"66","author":"Martinez, R.","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Rehabilitation"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/105345129803300502"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173577"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.91.3.347"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.53.3.603"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.1992.20.1.1"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"Self-esteem and attributional style in college students reporting childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms","author":"Presnell, M. J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb23","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Explanatory style","author":"Reivich, K.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb24","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Explanatory style","author":"Schulman, P.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949903200302"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224540109600584"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054705277775"},{"key":"atypb28","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Understanding learning disabilities at the postsecondary level: A landmark college guide","author":"Shmulsky, S.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1511280"},{"key":"atypb30","first-page":"20","volume-title":"Test critiques","author":"Tennen, H.","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"International Conference of the Learning Disabilities Association","author":"Tominey, M. F."},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005247412221"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-6416-0"},{"key":"atypb34","volume-title":"Success for students with LD in higher education","author":"Vogel, S.","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.92.4.548"}],"container-title":["Journal of Attention Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1087054706292103","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1087054706292103","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:27:32Z","timestamp":1777490852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1087054706292103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1087054706292103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1087054706292103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1087-0547","1557-1246"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1087-0547","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-1246","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}