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Comorbidities were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( 4th ed. text rev. [ DSM-IV-TR]) Axis-I disorders. Results: Both groups were equivalent in IQ, socioeconomic status, gender, education, income levels, and age. Lifetime rates of psychiatric disorders were significantly higher in the ADHD group (83%) versus the control group (52%) with higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD; 65% vs. 36%), social phobia (31% vs. 11%), substance abuse (26% vs. 8%), and alcohol abuse (32% vs. 14%). Within the ADHD group, other than a group difference in specific phobias, there were no gender differences. Conclusion: The findings are consistent with international research; adults with ADHD in New Zealand have higher rates of psychiatric disorders than the general population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054714529457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T05:12:16Z","timestamp":1397797936000},"page":"1030-1038","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Psychiatric Comorbidities in a New Zealand Sample of Adults With ADHD"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Julia J.","family":"Rucklidge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Downs-Woolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mairin","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"},{"name":"LightBox Psychology Services, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah-Eve","family":"Harrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1087054714529457","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-1087054714529457","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr3-1087054714529457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.10.020"},{"key":"bibr4-1087054714529457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.12.1792"},{"key":"bibr5-1087054714529457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291705006410"},{"key":"bibr6-1087054714529457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.11.1652"},{"key":"bibr7-1087054714529457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(96)00068-X"},{"key":"bibr8-1087054714529457","volume-title":"Age, gender and ethnicity: Source statistics New Zealand, census of populations and dwellings","author":"Christchurch City Council","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr9-1087054714529457","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6177(03)00021-0","volume":"18","author":"Conners C. 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