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Method: Children aged 3.5 years ( n = 1,048) with high scores on ADHD characteristics were recruited from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study and clinically assessed, including a semi-structured psychiatric interview. Results: In children with ADHD, concurrent ODD was present more often than CD (31% vs. 10%), but having ADHD gave higher increase in the odds of CD than of ODD (ODD: odds ratio [OR] = 6.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [4.2, 10.8]; CD: OR = 17.6, 95% CI = [5.9, 52.9]). We found a greater proportion of children having the combined ADHD subtype as well as more severe inattentiveness among children with co-occurring CD compared with ODD. Sex differences were minor. Conclusion: There are important differences in co-occurring patterns of ODD and CD in preschool children with ADHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054714538655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]],"date-time":"2014-07-03T23:31:58Z","timestamp":1404430318000},"page":"741-752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Co-Occurrence of ODD and CD in Preschool Children With Symptoms of ADHD"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Bothild","family":"Bendiksen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital, Norway"},{"name":"University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Aase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Reichborn-Kjennerud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svein","family":"Friis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital, Norway"},{"name":"University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne M.","family":"Myhre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital, Norway"},{"name":"University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e5l","family":"Zeiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.21.8.265"},{"key":"bibr2-1087054714538655","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr3-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66915-2"},{"key":"bibr4-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.6.1083"},{"key":"bibr5-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12020268"},{"key":"bibr6-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380001500807"},{"key":"bibr7-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2009.02.003"},{"key":"bibr8-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-007-0837-y"},{"key":"bibr9-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054710381481"},{"key":"bibr10-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054707308486"},{"key":"bibr11-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.11m07099"},{"key":"bibr12-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207450108994220"},{"key":"bibr13-1087054714538655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200105000-00009"},{"key":"bibr14-1087054714538655","first-page":"223","volume-title":"Handbook of infant, toddler, and preschool mental health assessment","author":"Egger H. 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