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Method: In all, 1,276 adult SUD treatment seekers were assessed for childhood and adult ADHD using Conners\u2019 Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV; CAADID). A total of 290 (22.7%) participants met CAADID criteria for childhood ADHD and comprise the current study sample. Results: Childhood ADHD persisted into adulthood in 72.8% ( n = 211) of cases. ADHD persistence was significantly associated with a family history of ADHD, and the presence of conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder. The combined subtype was the most stable into adulthood (78.6%) and this stability was significantly associated with conduct disorder and past treatment of ADHD. Conclusion: ADHD is highly prevalent and persistent among SUD treatment seekers and is associated with the more severe phenotype that is also less likely to remit. Routine screening and follow-up assessment for ADHD is indicated to enhance treatment management and outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054716629217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,27]],"date-time":"2016-02-27T20:38:46Z","timestamp":1456605526000},"page":"1438-1453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Persistence and Subtype Stability of ADHD Among Substance Use Disorder Treatment Seekers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Sharlene","family":"Kaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep Antoni","family":"Ramos-Quiroga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geurt","family":"van de Glind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICASA Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances R.","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen V.","family":"Faraone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Allsop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curtin University, Perth, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louisa","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"University of Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Moggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Fribourg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Csaba","family":"Barta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maija","family":"Konstenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Franck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvid","family":"Skutle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bergen Clinics Foundation, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli-Torild","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bergen Clinics Foundation, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten W. 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