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Method: This cohort study was based on German claims data including 12,250 treatment-na\u00efve children aged 5 to 12 years with an incident ADHD diagnosis in 2010. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between children\u2019s characteristics at first diagnosis and the chosen treatment within the following 5 years. Results: Medication use was associated with male sex, an ADHD diagnosis \u201cwith hyperactivity,\u201d comorbid depression, and comorbid developmental and conduct disorders. Male sex and comorbid neurotic and somatoform, conduct, and emotional disorders were associated with psychotherapy only. Receiving both treatments\u2014instead of medication only\u2014was associated with comorbid depression, neurotic and somatoform, conduct, and emotional disorders. Conclusion: In case of equal access to both treatment options, patients, for example, with externalizing symptoms were more prone to receive medication and\/or psychotherapy than the average child diagnosed with ADHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054718816172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,7]],"date-time":"2018-12-07T02:46:11Z","timestamp":1544150771000},"page":"255-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Predictors for Receiving Medication and\/or Psychotherapy in Children Newly Diagnosed With ADHD: A Longitudinal Population-Based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2633-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Scholle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology \u2013 BIPS, Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg M.","family":"Fegert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Kollhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology \u2013 BIPS, Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyyub E.","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology \u2013 BIPS, Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Riedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology \u2013 BIPS, Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"K\u00f6lch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Brandenburg Medical School Theodore Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1087054718816172","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-1087054718816172","first-page":"141","volume":"114","author":"Bachmann C. 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