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Method: The sample consisted of 386 male Scottish prisoners, who completed a diagnostic ADHD interview, psychometric tests, and a questionnaire about false confessions they had given to police over their lifetime. Results: There was a high rate of reported false confessions (33.4%); the reason for the majority (62.2%) being to \u201ccover up for somebody else.\u201d CD, ADHD, psychological distress and psychiatric symptoms, and compliance were all significant predictors of false confession. When examining the influence of underlying domains of ADHD, it was found that hyperactivity\/impulsivity drove the association with false confession after adjusting for coexisting CD. Conclusion: CD and ADHD were the two most powerful predictors of false confessions, with CD mediating some of the effects of ADHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054719833169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]],"date-time":"2019-03-21T07:50:12Z","timestamp":1553154612000},"page":"715-723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The Risk of Making False Confessions: The Role of Developmental Disorders, Conduct Disorder, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Compliance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Gisli Hannes","family":"Gudjonsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience Library, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael A.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience Library, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1087054719833169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr2-1087054719833169","volume-title":"Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV (BAARS-IV)","author":"Barkley R. 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