{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T04:11:15Z","timestamp":1777781475967,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Atten Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>US studies suggest a positive association between attention deficit\u2013hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the risk of exposure to prescription opioids. However, whether this association holds in Asian countries remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 91,518 children and adolescents with ADHD and 91,518 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled for the period of 2001 to 2009; they were followed up until the end of 2011 to determine whether they had used prescription opioids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.83) and adolescents (HR: 3.44) with ADHD had a higher likelihood of receiving opioid prescriptions than did their matched controls. Furthermore, patients with ADHD had greater likelihoods of cumulative exposure to opioids of &gt;14 (HR: 5.93) and &gt;30 days (HR: 6.07).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Owing to the evidence of a significant link between opioid prescription use and eventual abuse, close monitoring for prescription opioid use is necessary for at-risk children and adolescents with ADHD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10870547231167485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T06:00:45Z","timestamp":1681192845000},"page":"989-996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk of Prescription Opioid Exposure in Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ju-Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih-Jen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Mei","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai-Lin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tung-Ping","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"General Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tzeng-Ji","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6516-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mu-Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2020.00724"},{"key":"bibr2-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"bibr3-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2017.09.438"},{"key":"bibr4-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171800332X"},{"key":"bibr5-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-1807"},{"key":"bibr6-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.366"},{"key":"bibr7-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.119.259408"},{"key":"bibr8-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.31073"},{"key":"bibr9-10870547231167485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2016.09.004"},{"key":"bibr10-10870547231167485","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"Liu C. 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