{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:33:16Z","timestamp":1773664396400,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4249,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["slas-discovery.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SLAS Discovery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"DOI":"10.1177\/1087057110374996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,18]],"date-time":"2010-08-18T22:25:40Z","timestamp":1282170340000},"page":"928-936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Osmolyte Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Increases the Proteolytic Activity of Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chains A, B, and E: Implications for Enhancing Analytical Assay Sensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jonathan E.","family":"Nuss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura M.","family":"Wanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lyal E.","family":"Tressler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Bavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.4-3-258","article-title":"The story of Clostridium botulinum: from food poisoning to Botox","volume":"4","author":"Ting","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(02)02177-1","article-title":"Botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins: structure, function and therapeutic utility","volume":"27","author":"Turton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib3","first-page":"767","article-title":"Botulism associated with commercially canned chili sauce\u2014Texas and Indiana","volume":"56","year":"2007","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073808318200","article-title":"Infant botulism: two recent cases and literature review","volume":"23","author":"Domingo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2004.10.001","article-title":"Recent advances in infant botulism","volume":"32","author":"Fox","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100006582","article-title":"Neuroleptic-induced tardive cervical dystonia: clinical series of 20 patients","volume":"36","author":"Godeiro-Junior","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2174\/157488409787236083","article-title":"Novel options for the pharmacological treatment of chronic anal fissure: role of botulin toxin","volume":"4","author":"Madalinski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-008-0076-4","article-title":"Complementary and alternative approaches to the treatment of tension-type headache","volume":"12","author":"Sun-Edelstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2008.01192.x","article-title":"Expert opinion: Greater occipital nerve and other anesthetic injections for primary headache disorders","volume":"48","author":"Young","year":"2008","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806007011","article-title":"Discernment between deliberate and natural infectious disease outbreaks","volume":"135","author":"Dembek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1159\/000083259","article-title":"Botulinum toxin: mechanisms of action","volume":"53","author":"Dressler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42071-0","article-title":"Proteolysis of SNAP-25 by types E and A botulinal neurotoxins","volume":"269","author":"Binz","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4821","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1993.tb06171.x","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxin C1 blocks neurotransmitter release by means of cleaving HPC-1\/syntaxin","volume":"12","author":"Blasi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Embo J"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1038\/359832a0","article-title":"Tetanus and botulinum-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin","volume":"359","author":"Shiavo","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31976-2","article-title":"Botulinum G neurotoxin cleaves VAMP\/synaptobrevin at a single Ala-Ala peptide bond","volume":"269","author":"Shiavo","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23784","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)80452-9","article-title":"Identification of the nerve terminal targets of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, D, and E","volume":"268","author":"Shiavo","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11516","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50230-7","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxin serotype F is a zinc endopeptidase specific for VAMP\/synaptobrevin","volume":"268","author":"Shiavo","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/365160a0","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxin A selectively cleaves the synaptic protein SNAP-25","volume":"365","author":"Blasi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1694","article-title":"The evolving field of biodefence: therapeutic developments and diagnostics","volume":"4","author":"Burnett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1080\/02652030802060875","article-title":"High-throughput enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) electrochemiluminescent detection of botulinum toxins in foods for food safety and defence purposes","volume":"25","author":"Phillips","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14701","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404107101","article-title":"Using fluorescent sensors to detect botulinum neurotoxin activity in vitro and in living cells","volume":"101","author":"Dong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2006.01.027","article-title":"The use of Endopep-MS for the detection of botulinum toxins A, B, E, and F in serum and stool samples","volume":"351","author":"Kalb","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026386710428","article-title":"Endoproteinase activity of type A botulinum neurotoxin: substrate requirements and activation by serum albumin","volume":"16","author":"Schmidt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Protein Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15065","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507053102","article-title":"Predicting the energetics of osmolyte-induced protein folding\/unfolding","volume":"102","author":"Auton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2001.4819","article-title":"The osmophobic effect: natural selection of a thermodynamic force in protein folding","volume":"310","author":"Bolen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10693","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.16.10693","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-oxide-induced cooperative folding of an intrinsically unfolded transcription-activating fragment of human glucocorticoid receptor","volume":"274","author":"Baskakov","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18146","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100825200","article-title":"The conformation of the glucocorticoid receptor af1\/tau1 domain induced by osmolyte binds co-regulatory proteins","volume":"276","author":"Kumar","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209821200","article-title":"Evaluation of the therapeutic usefulness of botulinum neurotoxin B, C1, E, and F compared with the long lasting type A: basis for distinct durations of inhibition of exocytosis in central neurons","volume":"278","author":"Foran","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026358504860","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxin type A: limited proteolysis by endoproteinase Glu-C and alpha-chymotrypsin enhanced following reduction: identification of the cleaved sites and fragments","volume":"16","author":"Beecher","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Protein Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39346","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508463200","article-title":"Biologically active novel conformational state of botulinum, the most poisonous poison","volume":"280","author":"Kukreja","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib31","series-title":"Modern HPLC for Practicing Scientists","first-page":"232","author":"Dong","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.37.032807.125817","article-title":"Macromolecular crowding and confinement: biochemical, biophysical, and potential physiological consequences","volume":"37","author":"Zhou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biophys"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.08.156","article-title":"Emulating a crowded intracellular environment in vitro dramatically improves RT-PCR performance","volume":"363","author":"Lareu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2009.01.111","article-title":"Pharmacophore-guided lead optimization: the rational design of a non-zinc coordinating, sub-micromolar inhibitor of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype a metalloprotease","volume":"19","author":"Burnett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05411","article-title":"Structural basis of cell surface receptor recognition by botulinum neurotoxin B","volume":"444","author":"Chai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.200800241","article-title":"Three-dimensional database mining identifies a unique chemotype that unites structurally diverse botulinum neurotoxin serotype A inhibitors in a three-zone pharmacophore","volume":"3","author":"Hermone","year":"2008","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"10.1177\/1087057110374996_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2008.07.011","article-title":"A potent peptidomimetic inhibitor of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A has a very different conformation than SNAP-25 substrate","volume":"16","author":"Zuniga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Structure"}],"container-title":["SLAS Discovery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1087057110374996","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1087057110374996","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2472555222079746?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2472555222079746?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1087057110374996","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T11:36:45Z","timestamp":1762861005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2472555222079746"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2472555222079746"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1087057110374996","relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-5552"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-5552","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Osmolyte Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Increases the Proteolytic Activity of Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chains A, B, and E: Implications for Enhancing Analytical Assay Sensitivity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"SLAS Discovery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1087057110374996","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}