{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:19:38Z","timestamp":1777555178151,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CIBER-INFEC (2171\/2595)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBER-INFEC (2171\/2595)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CIBER-INFEC (CB21\/13\/00011)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBER-INFEC (CB21\/13\/00011)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Sara Borrell program (CD23\/00136)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sara Borrell program (CD23\/00136)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Patient Care and STDs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The anatomical site of gluteal administration may influence the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of long-acting cabotegravir (CAB) plus rilpivirine (RPV), but direct comparisons between dorsogluteal (DG) and ventrogluteal (VG) injections are limited. In this prospective intra-individual crossover study, 152 adults with HIV receiving injectable CAB and RPV were switched from DG to VG administration. A total of 842 trough and 131 one-month postinjection plasma samples were analyzed. VG delivery was associated with higher one-month post-dose concentrations for both drugs (median CAB 1280 vs. 834 ng\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001; RPV 148 vs. 126 ng\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.043). At trough, CAB concentrations were lower with VG injections (573 vs 664 ng\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001), whereas RPV levels did not differ significantly (131 vs 123 ng\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.461). Although uncommon, a higher proportion (6.9% vs. 1.5%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001) of CAB trough samples fell below the protein-adjusted inhibitory concentration 90 threshold in the VG group. VG administration resulted in lower variability in pooled CAB and RPV trough concentrations, both intra-patient (standard deviation ratio 0.92;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.041) and inter-patient (0.80;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001), compared with DG injections. Detectable HIV-1 RNA (\u226550 copies\/mL) was rare and comparable between injection sites, with no confirmed virologic failures. Participants reported better tolerability with VG injections, which were associated with fewer local symptoms and were preferred by 67% of respondents. Ventrogluteal administration is associated with more consistent pharmacokinetics and improved tolerability, supporting its use as the preferred site for long-acting CAB\/RPV. Although CAB trough levels were modestly lower and occasionally fell below predefined thresholds with VG injection, this did not impact virologic outcomes, reinforcing its clinical suitability in most settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10872914251394779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T01:10:11Z","timestamp":1763428211000},"page":"14-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Gluteal Injection Site on Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Antiretroviral Therapy with Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sergio","family":"Padilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of Clinical Medicine, Hospital General Universitario and Universidad Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez de Elche, Alicante, Spain."},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain."},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Ledesma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain."},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain."},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"P\u00e9rez-Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Bello-Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain."},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Garc\u00eda-Abell\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of Clinical Medicine, Hospital General Universitario and Universidad Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez de Elche, Alicante, Spain."},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain."},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Mascarell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of Clinical Medicine, Hospital General Universitario and Universidad Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez de Elche, Alicante, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngela","family":"Botella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Masi\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of Clinical Medicine, Hospital General Universitario and Universidad Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez de Elche, Alicante, Spain."},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain."},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of Clinical Medicine, Hospital General Universitario and Universidad Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez de Elche, Alicante, Spain."},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain."},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1909512"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(23)00051-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in adults and adolescents with HIV. Available from: https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/guidelines\/documents\/adult-adolescent-arv\/guidelines-adult-adolescent-arv.pdf 2024 [Last accessed: Jul28 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2024.0093"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002337"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-024-04490-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-02929-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1904398"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002883"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae044"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae475"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-025-02577-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(23)00136-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae282"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2004.03092.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","unstructured":"ViiV Healthcare. Cabenuva PI. 2022. Available from: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2022\/212888s005s006lbl.pdf [Last accessed: July28 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.13923"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0022-3859.132334"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ns2004.03.18.25.39.c3560"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e318279d552"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0014525","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00145-25","article-title":"Influence of patient characteristics and oral lead-in on long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine pharmacokinetics and outcomes in people with HIV: A real-world study","volume":"69","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Gonz\u00e1lez M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Gonz\u00e1lez M, , Telenti G, , Ledesma C, et al. Influence of patient characteristics and oral lead-in on long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine pharmacokinetics and outcomes in people with HIV: A real-world study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2025; 69(7):e0014525.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.4506"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11316870-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.295"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00880-24"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae620"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt197517144"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14977"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkab338"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15477"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad370"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.08.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15703"}],"container-title":["AIDS Patient Care and STDs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10872914251394779","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10872914251394779","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10872914251394779","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:09:04Z","timestamp":1777399744000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10872914251394779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10872914251394779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10872914251394779","relation":{},"ISSN":["1087-2914","1557-7449"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1087-2914","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7449","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]}}}