{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T17:44:02Z","timestamp":1782755042336,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["124672\/2024-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["124672\/2024-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["302558\/2022-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["302558\/2022-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Financial code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Financial code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dance Medicine & Science"],"abstract":"\n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n \n Turnout, or external rotation of the lower limbs, is a fundamental skill in classical ballet. While the hip is turnout\u2019s main contributor, the coordinated roles of the knee and ankle remain unclear under dynamic and aerial tasks, such as jumps. Previous studies have focused on static or bipodal tasks, overlooking unipodal landings in jumps. The aim was to analyze the kinematic contributions of the hip, knee, and ankle to turnout during three ballet jumps from fifth position:\n Assembl\u00e9 Dessus<\/jats:italic>\n (bipodal, with lateral aerial body displacement),\n Sissone Ouvert En Avant<\/jats:italic>\n (unipodal, with anterior displacement), and\n Sissone Ouvert Devant<\/jats:italic>\n (unipodal, with lateral displacement).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n In this observational cross-sectional study, we assessed 30 female pre-professional dancers (20.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.6\u2009years; 11.7\u2009\u00b1\u20094.1\u2009years ballet experience) using a cluster-based wedge-shaped marker protocol to improve accuracy of hip and knee axial rotation measurements. We used a six-degree-of-freedom model to calculate peak rotations and their timing, which were compared across joints and jump phases (preparation, flight, and landing) using repeated measures ANOVA (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The hip consistently exhibited the greatest external rotation across all jumps and phases (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001). In both\n Sissone<\/jats:italic>\n s, hip rotation remained stable from flight to landing, whereas in\n Assembl\u00e9<\/jats:italic>\n , hip and knee rotations decreased upon landing (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001). Ankle rotation increased during landing (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001) and was the lowest during flight. Timing of rotation peaks varied across joints: the hip peaked earlier, while the ankle reached its maximum in late flight and late landing.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The hip is the primary contributor to turnout in all jumps, whereas the knee and ankle act complementarily, with the knee reducing its contribution and the ankle increasing it from flight to landing. Jump type and landing support influence rotational contributions, reinforcing the need for training that optimizes coordination and joint alignment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1089313x261459250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:33:14Z","timestamp":1782520394000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hip Dominance and Distal Compensation in Turnout Control During Ballet Jumps: Multi-Joint Strategies Across Landing Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7293-8053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana C.","family":"Manfrim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy Department, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Isabel V.","family":"Orselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy Department, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Israeli College of Health Sciences Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca M.","family":"Portela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy Department, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matheus O.","family":"Moutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy Department, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulisses T.","family":"Taddei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy Department, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Caravaggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1254-0007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel C. N.","family":"Sacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy Department, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2008.2390"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","volume-title":"Paper presented at: Fourteenth Annual Meeting International Association for Dance Medicine and Science","author":"Gamboa JM","unstructured":"Gamboa JM, Roberts LA, Eisenhower A. Measuring turnout of the gesture leg. 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