{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:28:14Z","timestamp":1777663694494,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Educ Behav"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer is the number one cause of death for Asian American women, yet they have the lowest rates of cancer screening. Contributing factors, particularly for Hmong women, include the lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate educational interventions. This study aimed to develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate intervention to improve the breast cancer screening rates among Hmong women in Fresno and San Diego, California. Intervention elements included the development of a flipchart, brochure, and video that presented basic breast health and screening information, along with the targeting of not only women but men to support their wives\u2019 breast cancer screenings. Analyses of pre- and post workshop surveys showed increases in knowledge and more positive attitudes among all participants, behavioral intentions for clinical breast examinations and mammograms among women, and support for such exams and possible cancer treatment among men. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198105285336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,3]],"date-time":"2007-02-03T20:08:19Z","timestamp":1170533299000},"page":"140-153","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Designing Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Health Interventions: The \u201cLife Is Precious\u201d Hmong Breast Cancer Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sora Park","family":"Tanjasiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science, California State University, Fullerton,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjorie","family":"Kagawa-Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Asian American Studies, University of California, Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Anne","family":"Foo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orange County Asian and Pacific Islander Community Alliance, Garden Grove, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maichew","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Families in Good Health, Long Beach, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Linayao-Putman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Union of Pan Asian Communities, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stone Soup, Fresno, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgi","family":"Pirumyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yerevan, Armenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalyn","family":"Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Asian American Studies, University of California, Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Cancer screening in California: Racial and ethnic disparities persist","author":"Babey, S. H.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-7562-3_3"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1995.1072"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1998.0365"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00346-3"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"Resource scarcity and the Hmong response","author":"Cooper, R.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.52.3.134"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10415"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"210","volume":"11","author":"Erwin, D. O.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Cancer Education"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"The spirit catches you and you fall down","author":"Fadiman, A.","year":"1997"},{"issue":"3","key":"atypb11","first-page":"232","volume":"105","author":"Freimuth, V. S.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-9.4.269"},{"key":"atypb13","first-page":"216","volume-title":"Community organizing and community building for health","author":"Gutierrez, L. M.","year":"1997"},{"issue":"10","key":"atypb14","first-page":"1585","volume":"27","author":"Han, Y.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncology Nursing Forum"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"179","volume-title":"Health behavior and health education: Theory research and practice","author":"Heaney, C. A.","year":"1997","edition":"2"},{"key":"atypb16","series-title":"Twayne\u2019s Immigrant Heritage of America Series","volume-title":"From Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia: A refugee experience in the United States","author":"Hein, J.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104438948806900107"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Social support and health","author":"House, J. S.","year":"1985"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Health literacy: A prescription to end confusion","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2004"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819402100203"},{"key":"atypb21","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Community-based participatory research for health","author":"Israel, B. A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005123700284"},{"key":"atypb23","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Confronting critical health issues of Asian and Pacific Islander Americans","author":"Jenkins, C. N. H.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6629(199404)22:2<192::AID-JCOP2290220213>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000801)89:3<696::AID-CNCR27>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"California Breast Cancer Research Program Symposium","author":"Kagawa-Singer, M."},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.619"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/71.5.437"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198102251021"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104365960101200207"},{"issue":"9","key":"atypb31","first-page":"1381","volume":"27","author":"Makabe, R.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncology Nursing Forum"},{"key":"atypb32","volume-title":"Health, United States, 2003 with chartbook on trends in the health of Americans","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00023-3"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20508"},{"key":"atypb35","volume-title":"Cancer screening rates among Asian ethnic groups","author":"Ponce, N.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1998.00250.x"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002800-199303000-00002"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819802500106"},{"key":"atypb39","unstructured":"SPSS, Inc. (2001). Chicago: SPSS Inc."},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb40","first-page":"211","volume":"110","author":"Stillwater, B.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"atypb41","volume-title":"Calling in the soul: Gender and the cycle of life in a Hmong village","author":"Symonds, P. V.","year":"2004"},{"key":"atypb42","first-page":"50","volume":"16","author":"Tanjasiri, S. P.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Cancer Education"},{"key":"atypb43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152483990200300210"},{"key":"atypb44","volume-title":"Census 2000 summary file 1 (SF 1), PCT7, Asian alone or in combination with one or more other races","author":"U.S. Census Bureau","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb45","volume-title":"To see ourselves","author":"Wallace, A. F. C.","year":"1973"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1995.1027"}],"container-title":["Health Education &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1090198105285336","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1090198105285336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:33:14Z","timestamp":1777447994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1090198105285336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1090198105285336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1090198105285336","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-1981","1552-6127"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-1981","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6127","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}