{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:02:38Z","timestamp":1790672558231,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film photovoltaic has become one of the leading technologies in the solar renewable energy market. Little is known about CdTe\u2019s toxicological profile and regulatory agencies usually apply cadmium (Cd) criteria as a best approximation. However, CdTe may have different toxicological properties. The goal of this study is to determine the median lethal concentration\/dose of CdTe and to compare these values with those of Cd. Using a rat model, the method followed conforms to that described in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines and in the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Health Effects Test Guidelines. The median lethal concentration of CdTe was established at 2.71 mg\/L, showing a very low variability between genders. The median lethal dose was determined to be greater than 2000 mg\/kg. These results clearly show that CdTe is less toxic than Cd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581809337630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,27]],"date-time":"2009-07-27T19:38:24Z","timestamp":1248723504000},"page":"259-265","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Acute Oral and Inhalation Toxicities in Rats With Cadmium Telluride"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"Zayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Philippe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"b1-0280259","unstructured":"NanoMarkets2006Thin Film and Organic PV: New Applications for Solar EnergyGlen AllenVAhttp:\/\/www.nanomarkets.net"},{"key":"b2-0280259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZweibelKMoskowitzPFthenakisVThin-Film Cadmium Telluride Photovoltaics: ES&H Issues, Solutions, and PerspectivesNREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory), 1998;TP-520-24057.","DOI":"10.2172\/578669"},{"key":"b3-0280259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-159X(199911\/12)7:6<489::AID-PIP287>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"b4-0280259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1995.1062"},{"key":"b5-0280259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1997.8267"},{"key":"b6-0280259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2007.125"},{"key":"b7-0280259","volume-title":"Probit Analysis","author":"Finney DJ","year":"1971","edition":"3"},{"key":"b8-0280259","volume-title":"Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals","author":"National Research Council","year":"2001"},{"key":"b9-0280259","unstructured":"Lewis RJ Sax\u2019s Dangerous Properties of Industrial MaterialsVol 1\u20133 9th ed New York, NY Van Nostrand Reinhold 1996 613"},{"key":"b10-0280259","volume-title":"OECD 423 Guideline for Testing of Chemicals - Acute Oral Toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method","author":"OECD\/OCDE","year":"2001"},{"key":"b11-0280259","volume-title":"Acute (4-hour) Inhalation Toxicity Study of Tellurium in Rats","author":"Toxicology and Nutrition Institute","year":"1992"},{"key":"b12-0280259","volume-title":"STDA Succeeds in Mission to Remove Tellurium From U.S.EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List. 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