{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:10:35Z","timestamp":1787584235984,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,16]],"date-time":"2014-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (Panel) reviewed the safety of animal- and plant-derived amino acid mixtures, which function as skin and hair conditioning agents. The safety of \u03b1-amino acids as direct food additives has been well established, based on extensive research through acute and chronic dietary exposures and the Panel previously has reviewed the safety of individual \u03b1-amino acids in cosmetics. The Panel focused its review on dermal irritation and sensitization data relevant to the use of these ingredients in topical cosmetics. The Panel concluded that these 21 ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration as used in cosmetics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581814554774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]],"date-time":"2014-10-17T06:08:51Z","timestamp":1413526131000},"page":"5S-12S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Safety Assessment of Animal- and Plant-Derived Amino Acids as Used in Cosmetics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Burnett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Scientific Analyst\/Writer, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Heldreth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Chemist, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilma F.","family":"Bergfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald V.","family":"Belsito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald A.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis D.","family":"Klaassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Liebler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"James G.","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald C.","family":"Shank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Slaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. Alan","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Former Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1091581814554774","volume-title":"Safety Assessment of \u03b1-Amino Acids as Used in Cosmetics","author":"Burnett CL","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr2-1091581814554774","volume":"4","author":"Arnaud JC","year":"1985","journal-title":"Analysis of Protein Derivatives: Cosmetic Science and Technology Series"},{"key":"bibr3-1091581814554774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(98)00721-3"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr4-1091581814554774","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)33637-2","volume":"251","author":"Simpson RJ","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bio Chem"},{"key":"bibr5-1091581814554774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200390077"},{"key":"bibr6-1091581814554774","unstructured":"Personal Care Products Council. Information on the\n                      Lycium barbarum\n                      (Wolfberry) Amino Acids. Unpublished data submitted by Personal Care Products Council; 2012."},{"key":"bibr7-1091581814554774","unstructured":"Anonymous. Summaries of Dermal and Ocular Irritation Tests of Hydrolyzed Protein Ingredients (including proteins hydrolyzed to amino acids); 2012:4."},{"key":"bibr8-1091581814554774","volume-title":"International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook","author":"Gottschalck TE","year":"2012","edition":"14"},{"key":"bibr9-1091581814554774","volume-title":"Frequency of Use of Cosmetic Ingredients. FDA Database","author":"Food and Drug Administration","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr10-1091581814554774","unstructured":"Personal Care Products Council. Concentration of Use by FDA Product Category: Source Amino Acids. Unpublished data submitted by Personal Care Products Council; 2012."},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr11-1091581814554774","first-page":"24","volume":"14","author":"Johnsen MA","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spray Technol Mark"},{"key":"bibr12-1091581814554774","unstructured":"Rothe H. Special Aspects of Cosmetic Spray Evalulation. Unpublished data presented at the 26 September CIR Expert Panel meeting. Washington, DC; 2011."},{"key":"bibr13-1091581814554774","unstructured":"Bremmer HJ, Prud\u2019homme de Lodder LCH, Engelen JGM. Cosmetics fact sheet: to assess the risks for the consumer; Updated version for ConsExpo 4. Report No. RIVM 320104001\/2006; 2006:1\u201377."},{"key":"bibr14-1091581814554774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2011.05.1038"},{"key":"bibr15-1091581814554774","unstructured":"Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP). Opinion on Amino Acids Obtained by Hydrolysis of Human Hair. European Commission Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General; 2005. http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/ph_risk\/committees\/04_sccp\/docs\/sccp_o_005.pdf. Report No. SCCP\/0894\/05. Accessed June 15, 2012 Published date 2005."},{"key":"bibr16-1091581814554774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb0196-19"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1091581814554774","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1091581814554774","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1091581814554774","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:24:33Z","timestamp":1777458273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1091581814554774"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,16]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1091581814554774"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1091581814554774","relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-5818","1092-874X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-5818","type":"print"},{"value":"1092-874X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,16]]}}}