{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T04:43:58Z","timestamp":1785905038349,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker with partial PPAR-\u03b3 agonist activity, exhibits pleiotropic effects beyond its antihypertensive action, including modulation of lipid metabolism, erythropoiesis, and renal function. However, its anorexigenic properties complicate interpretation of systemic outcomes in toxicology studies. This study employed a pair-feeding design to differentiate feed-dependent effects from direct pharmacodynamic actions in male Wistar rats treated with telmisartan (100\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) for 28 days. Both telmisartan and pair-fed groups showed reduced body weight and hepatic triglyceride levels, confirming feed-dependent metabolic effects. In contrast, telmisartan-specific changes included suppression of erythroid indices; reduced serum triglycerides; elevated urea, creatinine, potassium, and inorganic phosphate levels; and mild gastric submucosal inflammation, none of which were observed in pair-fed controls. These findings demonstrate that telmisartan\u2019s hematological, renal, and lipid-lowering effects are feed-independent and mechanistically distinct from caloric restriction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10915818261429056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T07:24:21Z","timestamp":1772177061000},"page":"330-338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pair-Feeding Differentiates Feed-Dependent and Pharmacodynamic Effects of Telmisartan in Wistar Rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Chitrang R.","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"},{"name":"Gujarat Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4954-4944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandip B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gujarat Technological University"},{"name":"L. M. College of Pharmacy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maulik","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit A.","family":"Joharapurkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urvit P.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitendra H.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shekhar B.","family":"Kadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramchandra K.","family":"Ranvir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Sundar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukul R.","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Lifesciences Limited"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S187092"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BIOPHA.2024.116169"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1291\/HYPRES.31.135"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.143958"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ORCP.2010.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.YRTPH.2016.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","unstructured":"Government of India. Compendium of CCSEA 2018. 2018. https:\/\/ccsea.gov.in\/WriteReadData\/userfiles\/file\/Compendium_of_CPCSEA.pdf. Accessed 5 March 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264070684-EN"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","unstructured":"Government of India. New drugs and clinical trials rules 2019. 2019. https:\/\/cdsco.gov.in\/opencms\/opencms\/system\/modules\/CDSCO.WEB\/elements\/download_file_division.jsp?num_id=OTI4MA==. Accessed 5 November 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","volume-title":"Telmisartan - Pharmacology Review","year":"1998","unstructured":"Telmisartan - Pharmacology Review. 1998. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/nda\/98\/20850_MICARDIS_pharmr_P2.pdf. Accessed April 9, 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10915818251374566"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000123072.34629.57"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33549\/PHYSIOLRES.933951"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5530\/ijopp.15.2.26"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","unstructured":"fda cder. Highlights of prescribing information. 2022. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medwatch. Accessed 8 November 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/AJPREGU.00137.2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/AJPENDO.90257.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TAAP.2021.115825"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13005\/BPJ\/1758"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S43094-024-00655-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00024.2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.12.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/CPHY.C130024"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34275"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S265399"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2020.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","unstructured":"Tyagi A Aeddula NR. Azotemia. StatPearls. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538145\/. Published online May 14 2023. Accessed 18 September 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000533173"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08037051.2010.488056"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-01841-8.50038-X"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10915818261429056","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10915818261429056","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10915818261429056","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:46:16Z","timestamp":1785901576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10915818261429056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10915818261429056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10915818261429056","relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-5818","1092-874X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-5818","type":"print"},{"value":"1092-874X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]}}}