{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:15:49Z","timestamp":1777853749220,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science: Transactions of the SDPS, Official Journal of the Society for Design and Process Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Individualization in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) is based on a specific digital copy of a learner (learner model) and a model of a learning situation. Both of these models are interpreted through a digital educational footprint and form the basis for making decisions on learning process management by the intelligent planner of the tutoring system. The effective ITSs, which provide individualization and reflection in interaction with a human learner, have to use means of generalization and data convolution. We propose to use a mapping mechanism based on the cognitive maps of knowledge diagnosis (CMKD) graphical notation. The paper shows how the maps are used by an ITS planner based on the cross-cutting approach to make decisions and form feedback in a learner-directed dialog. An example of such a dialog and its trajectory (master's student training) is given. The effectiveness of the approach is evaluated from the position of the Explicable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) concept. The results obtained during the pedagogical experiment are summarized and recommendations for the use of mapping in the implementation of ITS-based cross-cutting approach to managing the learning process are given.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10920617241289777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T22:19:32Z","timestamp":1743200372000},"page":"288-303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A cross-cutting approach to analysis of the learning situation in ITS using a mapping mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1205-2652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Uglev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Applied Intelligent Systems, Siberian Federal University, Zheleznogorsk, Russia Federation"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7402-4419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgy","family":"Smirnov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Applied Intelligent Systems, Siberian Federal University, Zheleznogorsk, Russia Federation"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-018-09644-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-016-0105-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Adaptive navigational support and explainable recommendations in a personalized programming practice system","volume":"2023","author":"Barria-Pineda J.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barria-Pineda J., Akhuseyinoglu K., Brusilovsky P. (2023). Adaptive navigational support and explainable recommendations in a personalized programming practice system. Proceedings of the 34th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, 2023, 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3603163.3609054","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 34th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3027385.3027403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-023-00356-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2021.103503"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JID-220008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3159450.3159509"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","volume-title":"Introduction to expert systems","author":"Jackson P.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Jackson P. (1986). Introduction to expert systems. Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. (1986)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/BJAST\/2015\/14975"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Model for automated training systems","volume":"2011","author":"Karpenko A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Karpenko A., Dobryakov A. (2011). Model for automated training systems. Overview. Science and Education, 2011(7), 1\u201363. (in Russian). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7463\/0715.0193116","journal-title":"Overview. Science and Education"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2022.100074"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49435-3_5"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","first-page":"60","article-title":"The small world problem","volume":"1967","author":"Milgram S.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Milgram S. (1967). The small world problem. Psychology Today, 1967(2), 60\u201367.","journal-title":"Psychology Today"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043158"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"From situational control to applied semiotics","volume":"2002","author":"Osipov G.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Osipov G. (2002). From situational control to applied semiotics. News of Artificial Intelligence, 2002(6), 3\u20137. (in Russian).","journal-title":"News of Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","first-page":"287","article-title":"Large semiotic model in control system","volume":"1996","author":"Pospelov D.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pospelov D. (1996). Large semiotic model in control system. Proc. of Internation Workshop on Control Mechanisms and Complex Systems, 1996, 287\u2013292. (in Russian).","journal-title":"Proc. of Internation Workshop on Control Mechanisms and Complex Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","volume-title":"Design recommendations for intelligent tutoring systems: Volume 8-data visualization","author":"Sinatra A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sinatra A., Graesser A. C., Hu X., Goldberg B., Hampton A. J. (Eds.) (2020). Design recommendations for intelligent tutoring systems: Volume 8-data visualization. US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command\u2013Soldier Center."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10127-1"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Footsteps towards a transdisciplinary design and process science","volume":"2021","author":"Tanik M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tanik M., Gatchel S., Horv\u00e1th I., Wan T., Kim K. Y., Huang J., Coatanea E., Kr\u00e4mer B. J., Zeng Y. (2021). Footsteps towards a transdisciplinary design and process science. Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science, 2021(25), 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/https:\/\/doi.org\/ JID-210035","journal-title":"Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Explanatory didactic dialogue in the intelligent tutoring systems based on the cross-cutting approach","volume":"13891","author":"Uglev V.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Uglev V. (2023). Explanatory didactic dialogue in the intelligent tutoring systems based on the cross-cutting approach. International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems. LNCS, 13891, 371\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-32883-1_34","journal-title":"International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems. LNCS"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","volume-title":"Cognitive Maps of Knowledge Diagnosis (CMKD): the essence of the method, classification, characteristics and synthesis principlesNovel & Intelligent Digital Systems: Proceedings of International Conference","author":"Uglev V.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Uglev V. (2024). Cognitive Maps of Knowledge Diagnosis (CMKD): the essence of the method, classification, characteristics and synthesis principles. In Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems: Proceedings of International Conference. LNNS, 1170, 2024 (in press). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-73344-4_51."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Cross-cutting visual support of decision making for forming personalized learning spaces","volume":"556","author":"Uglev V.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Uglev V., Gavrilova T. (2022). Cross-cutting visual support of decision making for forming personalized learning spaces. Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems Conferences. LNNS, 556, 3\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-17601-2_1","journal-title":"Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems Conferences. LNNS"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Combined maps as a tool of concentration and visualization of knowledge in the logic of operation of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems","volume":"14798","author":"Uglev V.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Uglev V., Smirnov G. (2024). Combined maps as a tool of concentration and visualization of knowledge in the logic of operation of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Intelligent Tutoring Systems. LNCS, 14798, 27\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-63028-6_3","journal-title":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems. LNCS"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/a15120468"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","first-page":"349","article-title":"Cognitive maps of knowledge diagnosis as an element of a digital educational footprint and a copyright object","volume":"1295","author":"Uglev V.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Uglev V., Zakharin K., Baryshev R. (2020). Cognitive maps of knowledge diagnosis as an element of a digital educational footprint and a copyright object. Software Engineering Perspectives in Intelligent Systems: Proceedings of 4th Computational Methods in Systems and Software. AISC, 1295, 349\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-63319-6_31","journal-title":"Software Engineering Perspectives in Intelligent Systems: Proceedings of 4th Computational Methods in Systems and Software. AISC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-2609-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/10936"}],"container-title":["Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science: Transactions of the SDPS, Official Journal of the Society for Design and Process Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10920617241289777","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10920617241289777","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10920617241289777","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:56:35Z","timestamp":1777503395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10920617241289777"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10920617241289777"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10920617241289777","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0617","1875-8959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0617","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8959","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}}}