{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:32:54Z","timestamp":1777937574091,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Dev Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (AAs) are used for several indications, with cessation recommended in pregnancy due to toxic effects. AA fetopathy phenotype is similar to renal tubular dysgenesis including reduced proximal convoluted tubules (PCTs). Our study aimed to quantify the reduction of PCTs in fetuses and infants with prenatal exposure to AAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 5 fetal AA exposure cases that underwent autopsy at our institution between 2011 and 2018 and compared with 5 gestational age-matched controls. Immunohistochemistry with CD10 and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was utilized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CD10 and EMA identified a median PCT density of 19.0%\u2009\u00b1\u200912.3% in AA fetopathy patients, significantly less than controls (52.8%\u2009\u00b1\u20094.4%; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). One case with in utero cessation had a PCT density of 34.2%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2%. Among other AA fetopathy findings, 1 case demonstrated unilateral renal vein thrombosis and 4 had hypocalvaria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We have quantified the reduction in AA fetopathy PCT density, and demonstrated in utero cessation may recover PCT differentiation. Future studies may benefit from calculating PCT percentage as a potential biomarker to correlate with post-natal renal function and maternal factors including medication type, dosage, duration, and time from medication cessation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10935266211018922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T22:32:21Z","timestamp":1622759541000},"page":"438-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Quantifying Proximal Collecting Tubule Deficiency in Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Fetopathy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Saunders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital and Women\u2019s Hospital and Health Center, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison Marie","family":"Callejas Salgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Escuela, Instituto Hondure\u00f1o de Seguridad Social, Tegucigalpa, Honduras"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5246-8823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph Y","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neonatology, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital and Women\u2019s Hospital and Health Center, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cherry","family":"Mammen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital and Women\u2019s Hospital and Health Center, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5464-8679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jefferson","family":"Terry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital and Women\u2019s Hospital and Health Center, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9432-2390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan W","family":"Bush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital and Women\u2019s Hospital and Health Center, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.04.002"},{"key":"bibr2-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/jn.5000134"},{"key":"bibr3-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.10.878"},{"key":"bibr4-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003020"},{"key":"bibr5-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.05.045"},{"key":"bibr6-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.423"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr7-10935266211018922","first-page":"2067","volume":"149","author":"Schutz S","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"bibr8-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1987.261"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr9-10935266211018922","first-page":"519","volume":"13","author":"Tufro-McReddie A","year":"1993","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"bibr10-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02254221"},{"key":"bibr11-10935266211018922","first-page":"1047","volume":"48","author":"Ratnapalan S","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can Fam Phys Medecin de famille canadien"},{"key":"bibr12-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050500072862"},{"key":"bibr13-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.88.2.F154"},{"key":"bibr14-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.796"},{"key":"bibr15-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10641950601147937"},{"key":"bibr16-10935266211018922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marchetto L, Sordino D, De Bernardo G, Trevisanuto D. 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