{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:33:33Z","timestamp":1777937613729,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Dev Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electron microscopy (EM), once an important component in diagnosing pediatric diseases, has experienced a decline in its use. To assess the impact of this, pediatric pathology practices were surveyed regarding EM services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Society of Pediatric Pathology Practice Committee surveyed 113 society members from 74 hospitals. Settings included 36 academic tertiary, 32 free-standing children\u2019s, and 6 community hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over 60% maintained in-house EM services and had more than 2 pathologists interpreting EM while reporting a shortage of EM technologists. Freestanding children\u2019s hospitals had the most specimens (100-200\u2009per year) and more diverse specimen types. Hospitals with fewer than 50 yearly specimens often used reference laboratories. Seventeen had terminated all in-house EM services. Challenges included decreasing caseloads due to alternative diagnostic methods, high operating costs, and shortages of EM technologists and EM-proficient pathologists. Kidney, liver, cilia, heart, and muscle biopsies most often required EM. Lung\/bronchoalveolar lavage, tumor, skin, gastrointestinal, nerve, platelet, and autopsy samples less commonly needed EM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The survey revealed challenges in maintaining EM services but demonstrated its sustained value in pediatric pathology. Pediatric pathologists may need to address the centralization of services and training to preserve EM diagnostic proficiency among pathologists who perform ultrastructural interpretations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10935266231170102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T00:41:49Z","timestamp":1683765709000},"page":"411-422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Current Utilization of Electron Microscopy in the Pediatric Pathology Setting: A Survey by the SPP Practice Committee"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mikako","family":"Warren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robyn C.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veena","family":"Rajaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Drucilla","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Portia A.","family":"Kreiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lora","family":"Darrisaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Bureau of Investigation, Decatur, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherri","family":"Besmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alanna J.","family":"Church","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Keisling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Akron Children\u2019s Hospital, Akron, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall D.","family":"Craver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3471-1949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonnie L.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Robers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Lopez-Terrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10935266231170102","volume-title":"Stocker and Dehner\u2019s Pediatric Pathology","author":"Stocker JT","year":"2011","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr2-10935266231170102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(75)80057-8"},{"key":"bibr3-10935266231170102","first-page":"396","volume":"9","author":"Mackay B","year":"1982","journal-title":"Semin 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