{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T14:56:01Z","timestamp":1770562561114,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,1]],"date-time":"2009-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This work presents a highly optimized computational framework for the Discrete Dipole Approximation, a numerical method for calculating the optical properties associated with a target of arbitrary geometry that is widely used in atmospheric, astrophysical and industrial simulations. Core optimizations include the bit-fielding of integer data and iterative methods that complement a new Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) kernel, which efficiently calculates the matrix\u2014 vector products required by these iterative solution schemes. The new kernel performs the requisite 3-D DFTs as ensembles of 1-D transforms, and by doing so, is able to reduce the number of constituent 1-D transforms by 60% and the memory by over 80%. The optimizations also facilitate the use of parallel techniques to further enhance the performance. Complete OpenMP-based shared-memory and MPI-based distributed-memory implementations have been created to take full advantage of the various architectures. Several benchmarks of the new framework indicate extremely favorable performance and scalability. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342008097914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,18]],"date-time":"2009-02-18T16:25:41Z","timestamp":1234974341000},"page":"42-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Opendda: a Novel High-Performance Computational Framework for the Discrete Dipole Approximation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"James Mc","family":"Donald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"COMPUTATIONAL ASTROPHYSICS LABORATORY, I.T. DEPARTMENT,\rNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, GALWAY,"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Golden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COMPUTATIONAL ASTROPHYSICS LABORATORY, I.T. DEPARTMENT,\rNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, GALWAY"}]},{"given":"S. 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