{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T01:25:41Z","timestamp":1781227541645,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,14]],"date-time":"2011-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) version 5 includes a spectral element dynamical core option from NCAR\u2019s High-Order Method Modeling Environment. It is a continuous Galerkin spectral finite-element method designed for fully unstructured quadrilateral meshes. The current configurations in CAM are based on the cubed-sphere grid. The main motivation for including a spectral element dynamical core is to improve the scalability of CAM by allowing quasi-uniform grids for the sphere that do not require polar filters. In addition, the approach provides other state-of-the-art capabilities such as improved conservation properties. Spectral elements are used for the horizontal discretization, while most other aspects of the dynamical core are a hybrid of well-tested techniques from CAM\u2019s finite volume and global spectral dynamical core options. Here we first give an overview of the spectral element dynamical core as used in CAM. We then give scalability and performance results from CAM running with three different dynamical core options within the Community Earth System Model, using a pre-industrial time-slice configuration. We focus on high-resolution simulations, using 1\/4 degree, 1\/8 degree, and T341 spectral truncation horizontal grids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342011428142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,16]],"date-time":"2011-11-16T10:33:40Z","timestamp":1321439620000},"page":"74-89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":315,"title":["CAM-SE: A scalable spectral element dynamical core for the Community Atmosphere Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"John M.","family":"Dennis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana","family":"Guba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Lauritzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur A.","family":"Mirin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amik","family":"St-Cyr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"},{"name":"Royal Dutch Shell, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick H.","family":"Worley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219876208001443"},{"key":"bibr2-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470868279"},{"key":"bibr3-1094342011428142","author":"Carpenter I","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J High Perf Comput Appl"},{"key":"bibr4-1094342011428142","volume-title":"Description of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM3.0)","author":"Collins WD","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr5-1094342011428142","author":"Craig A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J High Perf Comput Appl"},{"key":"bibr6-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342005056108"},{"key":"bibr7-1094342011428142","author":"Dennis JM","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Massively Parallel Processing at IPDPS\u201903"},{"key":"bibr8-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511546792"},{"key":"bibr9-1094342011428142","author":"Evans K","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Climate"},{"key":"bibr10-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(2004)132<0726:TSEAMS>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr11-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1256\/qj.03.218"},{"key":"bibr12-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1999)127<1651:TCFSGG>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr13-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(2004)132<0133:ASSEEA>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr14-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511546013"},{"key":"bibr15-1094342011428142","volume-title":"Spectral\/hp Element Methods for Computational Fluid Dynamics (Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computation)","author":"Karniadakis GE","year":"2005","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr16-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1974)102<0509:VVCSUF>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr17-1094342011428142","author":"Khouider B","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences"},{"key":"bibr18-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD009887"},{"key":"bibr19-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4754(84)90039-9"},{"key":"bibr20-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3894\/JAMES.2010.2.15"},{"key":"bibr21-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(2004)132<2293:AVLFDC>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr22-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/582034.582052"},{"key":"bibr23-1094342011428142","first-page":"71","volume-title":"State of the Art Surveys on Computational Mechanics","author":"Maday Y","year":"1987"},{"key":"bibr24-1094342011428142","volume-title":"Int J High Perf Comput Appl","author":"Mirin A","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr25-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342005056096"},{"key":"bibr26-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/2011JCLI3860.1"},{"key":"bibr27-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/angeo-29-221-2011"},{"key":"bibr28-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/2009MWR2843.1"},{"key":"bibr29-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/asle.2000.0019"},{"key":"bibr30-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/asle.2000.0020"},{"key":"bibr31-1094342011428142","volume-title":"Description of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM 4.0)","author":"Neale RB","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr32-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/MWR2788.1"},{"key":"bibr33-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342005056101"},{"key":"bibr34-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.49712253209"},{"key":"bibr35-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1972)100<0136:CFAOTP>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr36-1094342011428142","volume-title":"Atmospheric Circulation Dynamics and General Circulation Models","author":"Satoh M","year":"2004","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr37-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1981)109<0758:AEAAMC>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr38-1094342011428142","volume-title":"An Energy and Angular-momentum Conserving Finite-difference Scheme, Hybrid Coordinates and Medium-range Weather Prediction","author":"Simmons AJ","year":"1981"},{"key":"bibr39-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/S0036142901389025"},{"key":"bibr40-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/2007MWR2108.1"},{"key":"bibr41-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-11640-7_12"},{"key":"bibr42-1094342011428142","volume-title":"Performance of a Spectral Element Atmospheric Model (SEAM) on the HP Exemplar SPP2000","author":"Taylor M","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr43-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01973-9_31"},{"key":"bibr44-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jcph.1996.5554"},{"key":"bibr45-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/125\/1\/012023"},{"key":"bibr46-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/78\/1\/012074"},{"key":"bibr47-1094342011428142","author":"Taylor MA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of 2010 Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Conference"},{"key":"bibr48-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2010.04.008"},{"key":"bibr49-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011188832645"},{"key":"bibr50-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015129420882"},{"key":"bibr51-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10915-004-4646-2"},{"key":"bibr52-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7204-2372-3.50003-5","volume-title":"Construction of Integration Formulas for Initial Value Problems","volume":"19","author":"van der Houwen PJ","year":"1977"},{"key":"bibr53-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/2007MWR2058.1"},{"key":"bibr54-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(2002)130<2024:TSVPSC>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr55-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2151\/jmsj.85B.241"},{"key":"bibr56-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1994)122<1594:CSWASL>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"bibr57-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/46\/1\/050"},{"key":"bibr58-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342005056095"},{"key":"bibr59-1094342011428142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1256\/qj.04.97"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1094342011428142","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1094342011428142","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1094342011428142","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:19:03Z","timestamp":1777450743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1094342011428142"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,14]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1094342011428142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1094342011428142","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-3420","1741-2846"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-3420","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2846","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,14]]}}}