{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:01:16Z","timestamp":1777676476471,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,27]],"date-time":"2012-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1332806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we present a lightweight, micro-kernel-based virtual machine monitor (VMM) for the Blue Gene\/P supercomputer. Our VMM comprises a small \u00b5-kernel with virtualization capabilities and, atop, a user-level VMM component that manages virtual Blue Gene\/P cores, memory, and interconnects; we also support running native applications directly atop the \u00b5-kernel. Our design goal is to enable compatibility to standard operating systems such as Linux on BG\/P via virtualization, but to also keep the amount of kernel functionality small enough to facilitate shortening the path to applications and lowering operating system noise.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Our prototype implementation successfully virtualizes a Blue Gene\/P version of Linux with support for Ethernet-based communication mapped onto Blue Gene\/P\u2019s collective and torus network devices. Our first experiences and experiments show that our VMM still shows a substantial performance hit, and that support for native application environments is a key requirement towards fully exploiting the capabilities of a supercomputer. Altogether, our approach poses an interesting operating system alternative for supercomputers, providing the convenience of a fully featured commodity software stack, while also promising to deliver the scalability and low latency of an HPC operating system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342011434815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,27]],"date-time":"2012-03-27T21:11:31Z","timestamp":1332882691000},"page":"95-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A lightweight virtual machine monitor for Blue Gene\/P"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Stoess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"This research was partly conducted by the authors while at IBM Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY. Faculty of Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"},{"name":"HStreaming LLC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Volkmar","family":"Uhlig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HStreaming LLC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Kehne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"This research was partly conducted by the authors while at IBM Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY. Faculty of Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Appavoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Boston University, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amos","family":"Waterland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1147\/rd.492.0265"},{"key":"bibr2-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1899928.1899930"},{"key":"bibr3-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1851476.1851534"},{"key":"bibr4-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1147\/JRD.2009.5429063"},{"key":"bibr5-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-007-0047-2"},{"key":"bibr6-1094342011434815","first-page":"48","author":"Bhargava R","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 13th international conference on architectural support for programming languages and operating systems"},{"key":"bibr7-1094342011434815","author":"Engelmann C","year":"2007","journal-title":"1st workshop on system-level virtualization for high performance computing"},{"key":"bibr8-1094342011434815","author":"Gavrilovska A","year":"2007","journal-title":"1st workshop on system-level virtualization for high performance computing"},{"key":"bibr9-1094342011434815","first-page":"1","author":"Giampapa M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on supercomputing"},{"key":"bibr10-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COLCOM.2005.1651218"},{"key":"bibr11-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1145\/268998.266660","author":"H\u00e4rtig H","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 16th symposium on operating system principles"},{"key":"bibr12-1094342011434815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1851276.1851282"},{"key":"bibr13-1094342011434815","unstructured":"IBM Power ISA Version 2.03. 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