{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:52:41Z","timestamp":1777675961317,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]],"date-time":"2022-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sagepub.com\/licence-information-for-chorus"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"US Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DE-AC05-00OR22725"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-AC05-00OR22725"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006227","name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DE-AC52-07NA27344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-AC52-07NA27344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006227","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Nuclear Security Administration of US Department of Energy","award":["89233218CNA000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["89233218CNA000001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The US Department of Energy Office of Science and the National Nuclear Security Administration initiated the Exascale Computing Project (ECP) in 2016 to prepare mission-relevant applications and scientific software for the delivery of the exascale computers starting in 2023. The ECP currently supports 24 efforts directed at specific applications and six supporting co-design projects. These 24 application projects contain 62 application codes that are implemented in three high-level languages\u2014C, C++, and Fortran\u2014and use 22 combinations of graphical processing unit programming models. The most common implementation language is C++, which is used in 53 different application codes. The most common programming models across ECP applications are CUDA and Kokkos, which are employed in 15 and 14 applications, respectively. This article provides a survey of the programming languages and models used in the ECP applications codebase that will be used to achieve performance on the future exascale hardware platforms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10943420211028940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T03:53:16Z","timestamp":1624593196000},"page":"5-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["A survey of software implementations used by application codes in the Exascale Computing Project"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Thomas M","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Argonne National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik W","family":"Draeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Deslippe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne M","family":"Francois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy C","family":"Germann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William E","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel F","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10943420211028940","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2019.0056"},{"key":"bibr2-10943420211028940","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3437801.3441587"},{"key":"bibr3-10943420211028940","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/P3HPC49587.2019.00012"},{"key":"bibr4-10943420211028940","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2014.07.003"},{"key":"bibr5-10943420211028940","volume-title":"ECP Software Technology Capability Assessment Report\u2014Public","author":"Heroux M","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr6-10943420211028940","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/1838979"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10943420211028940","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10943420211028940","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10943420211028940","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10943420211028940","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:17:15Z","timestamp":1777450635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10943420211028940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10943420211028940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10943420211028940","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-3420","1741-2846"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-3420","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2846","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]}}}