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Observational data from such instruments, such as Doppler radar data, for example, are often processed for assimilation into numerical weather prediction models. As such instruments become more sophisticated, the amount of data to be processed grows and requires efficient variational analysis tools. Here we examine the code that implements the popular SAMURAI (Spline Analysis at Mesoscale Utilizing Radar and Aircraft Instrumentation) technique for estimating the atmospheric state for a given set of observations. We employ a number of techniques to significantly improve the code\u2019s performance, including porting it to run on standard HPC clusters, analyzing and optimizing its single-node performance, implementing a more efficient nonlinear optimization method, and enabling the use of GPUs via OpenACC. Our efforts thus far have yielded more than 100x improvement over the original code on large test problems of interest to the community. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10943420221119801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T14:12:17Z","timestamp":1661695937000},"page":"101-114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Enabling efficient execution of a variational data assimilation application"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2119-8242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M","family":"Dennis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2436-7838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison H","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3156-0460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Dobbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"}]},{"given":"Michael M","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6987-8052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA"}]},{"given":"Youngsung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6292-8483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting-Yu","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10943420221119801","unstructured":"Balay S, Abhyankar S, Adams MF, et al. 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