{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:47:03Z","timestamp":1792626423286,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cryptoglandular anorectal abscess is a collection of purulent material around the anus, often leading to the development of an anal fistula after drainage. Although\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacteroides fragilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      have been considered key bacteria in these conditions, recent evidence suggests the need to revisit this assumption. This work aimed to analyze the presence and role of bacteria in the development of anal fistulas following anorectal abscesses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search was conducted using MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Articles reporting the microbiology of cryptoglandular anorectal abscesses and the resulting anal fistulas in human beings were included. The main outcome was to evaluate the presence of bacteria in cultures of anorectal abscesses or in patients who developed anal fistulas. Additional goals included identifying patient characteristics and assessing clinical outcomes on the basis of the isolated bacteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 22 articles on anorectal abscesses and seven on anal fistulas met the inclusion criteria. Men were the most prevalent in both cases.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                      genus were the most isolated microorganisms in abscesses and fistulas, though inconsistently in the latter.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bilophila wadsworthia<\/jats:italic>\n                      was newly isolated in abscesses, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rothia<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. was notable in fistulas using new molecular techniques.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. are involved in anorectal abscesses and anal fistula formation. Recently, using new technology non-well-known bacteria had been isolated involved in this clinical problem.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10962964251369451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T05:58:39Z","timestamp":1762495119000},"page":"707-719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bacteriology of Anorectal Abscess and Anal Fistula: A Systematic Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Edward","family":"Sanchez-Haro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Residencia San Camil, School of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Molinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, School of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Troya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Tapiolas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pere-Joan","family":"Cardona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, School of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Par\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5224.463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000002473"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-017-1645-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800690319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-019-02144-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800790107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7341"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-40262013000300005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600711"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800690715"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"The relevance of microbiology in the management of anorectal sepsis","volume":"68","author":"Eykyn SJ","year":"1986","unstructured":"Eykyn SJ, , Grace RH. 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