{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T05:03:29Z","timestamp":1784351009948,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breast operations have a surgical site infection rate of &lt;1.5%, a figure that increases to 3% after implant-based reconstructions. We aimed to assess whether contamination occurred before implant insertion and could be related to post-operative infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The reconstruction team prepared the surgical field using a betadine solution and standard draping. After the surgical procedures, the antiseptic was re-applied around the incision, the surgical field re-draped, and the gloves changed before implant insertion. Immediately before the betadine application and re-draping, swab cultures were collected from the peri-areolar regions and margins of the exposed field. Any signs of infection were checked during the 2-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 164 cases were included; of these 13 showed positive swab cultures (12 of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and one of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species). Among them, only one patient developed a post-operative infection necessitating the insertion of a Hemovac drain at 42 days after a surgical procedure. Among the 151 patients with negative swab culture results, 10 patients received a diagnosis of post-operative infections; follow-up cultures primarily identified\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (three methicillin-sensitive cases, four methicillin-resistant cases), whereas two were culture-negative.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Residual contamination may persist despite the initial surgical site sterilization. The re-application of antiseptics and re-draping immediately before implant insertion may help reduce post-operative infections and should be considered an adjunct to comprehensive peri-operative protocols. Some infections may be more closely related to post-operative management than pre-implant field contamination, underscoring the need for meticulous post-operative care. Definitive causal relationships should be tested using rigorously designed and adequately powered studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10962964261419644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T05:55:01Z","timestamp":1770184501000},"page":"422-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Re-sterilization Prior to Implant Insertion in Prosthetic Breast Reconstruction: Is It Necessary?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jongmin","family":"Won","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Jun","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Yong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Surgeons ASoP. 2020 national plastic surgery statistics; 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4048\/jbc.2023.26.e27"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2019.01676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijps.IJPS_215_17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.926936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001868"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000004676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/asjof\/ojad077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14730\/aaps.2022.00724"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2013.9999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200206000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31828bd377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","unstructured":"Prevention CDC. 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