{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T09:32:17Z","timestamp":1793179937799,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and inequity worldwide. Many SSIs are preventable and represent an important indicator of surgical quality and patient safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence and implementation experiences on SSI prevention were reviewed, focusing on infection prevention and control (IPC), antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), antimicrobial resistance (AMR), quality improvement, surveillance, safety culture, human factors, and emerging technologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multimodal, context-adapted IPC interventions can substantially reduce SSI incidence without major capital investment. Persistent gaps in infrastructure, guideline implementation, surveillance, and environmental controls remain important challenges. AMR further emphasizes the need to integrate AMS into surgical safety frameworks. Artificial intelligence and objective diagnostic technologies may improve surveillance and early SSI detection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Summary:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SSI prevention is both a clinical necessity and an ethical imperative. Global surgery strategies should integrate IPC, AMS, surveillance, safety culture, and innovative technologies to advance equity, quality, and safety in surgical care worldwide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10962964261488660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:21:56Z","timestamp":1789449716000},"page":"684-689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preventing Surgical Site Infections: Ethical and Operational Imperatives for the Global Health Agenda"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3202-7542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Sartelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip S.","family":"Barie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma, Burns, Acute and Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kemal","family":"Rasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Anadolu Medical Center, Kocaeli, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Morikane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Laboratory and Infection Control, Yamagata University Hospital, Yamagata, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Kilpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S3 Global Health, UK, Safeguarding Health through Infection Prevention Research Group, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Cainzos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Nthumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, AIC Kijabe Hospital, Kijabe, Kenya."},{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Adoyi","family":"Ameh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria."},{"name":"Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Coccolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Maria","family":"Labricciosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery, Macerata, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Rubio Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Marwah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto 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