{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T09:47:16Z","timestamp":1792576036313,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]],"date-time":"2013-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366243200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this prospective experimental cadaveric study was to develop an ultrasound-guided technique to perform an anaesthetic pudendal nerve block in male cats. Fifteen fresh cadavers were used for this trial. A detailed anatomical dissection was performed on one cat in order to scrutinise the pudendal nerve and its ramifications. In a second step, the cadavers of six cats were used to test three different ultrasonographic approaches to the pudendal nerve: the deep dorso-lateral, the superficial dorso-lateral and the median transperineal. Although none of the approaches allowed direct ultrasonographical identification of the pudendal nerve branches, the deep dorso-lateral was found to be the most advantageous one in terms of practicability and ability to identify useful and reliable landmarks. Based on these findings, the deep dorso-lateral approach was selected as technique of choice for tracer injections (0.1 ml 1% methylene blue injected bilaterally) in six cat cadavers distinct from those used for the ultrasonographical study. Anatomical dissection revealed a homogeneous spread of the tracer around the pudendal nerve sensory branches in all six cadavers. Finally, computed tomography was performed in two additional cadavers after injection of 0.3 ml\/kg (0.15 ml\/kg per each injection sites, left and right) contrast medium through the deep dorso-lateral approach in order to obtain a model of volume distribution applicable to local anaesthetics. Our findings in cat cadavers indicate that ultrasound-guided pudendal nerve block is feasible and could be proposed to provide peri-operative analgesia in clinical patients undergoing perineal urethrostomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x13485482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]],"date-time":"2013-04-18T22:39:28Z","timestamp":1366324768000},"page":"901-907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Development of an ultrasound-guided technique for pudendal nerve block in cat cadavers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Adami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy Division, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Angeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery and Radio-diagnostics Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kati","family":"Haenssgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Anatomy Division, Vetsuisse Faculty, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Stoffel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Anatomy Division, Vetsuisse Faculty, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Spadavecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy Division, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujps.2010.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.09.083"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-1433.2003.02885.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2007.00815.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"30","article-title":"Somatic innervation of the feline lower urinary tract","volume":"2008","author":"Yoo PB","unstructured":"Yoo PB, Woock JP, Grill WM. Somatic innervation of the feline lower urinary tract. 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