{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T13:45:10Z","timestamp":1787060710375,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]],"date-time":"2013-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371772800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 6-year-old neutered female cat was examined for chronic and progressive pelvic limb ataxia that progressed to non-ambulatory paraparesis over 1 month. Haematological and serum analyses were mainly within normal ranges. Thoracic and abdominal radiographs did not reveal any morphological abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the thoraco-lumbar spine demonstrated a well-defined, extradural mass that extended into the epidural space from the L2 to L3 vertebral bodies and expanded in the L2 to L3 left intervertebral foramen. During surgery, a long, narrow, white parasite which was weakly adherent to the phlogistic epidural fat tissue was gently removed from the spinal canal. Histological examination of the pathological tissue supported a diagnosis of epidural steatitis surrounding a female adult Dirofilaria immitis. This is a novel case of natural D immitis infection with spinal localisation in a cat, well documented with magnetic resonance investigation, and cytological and histological examinations, introducing a novel differential diagnosis for extradural spinal masses in cats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x13492740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]],"date-time":"2013-06-21T22:15:44Z","timestamp":1371852944000},"page":"1160-1164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Epidural dirofilariosis in a paraparetic cat: case report of\n                    <i>Dirofilaria immitis<\/i>\n                    infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Favole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovet Professional Association, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Cauduro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovet Professional Association, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Opreni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovet Professional Association, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Zanzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Milan, Animal Health, Section of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Albonico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Milan, Animal Health, Section of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Milan, Animal Health, Section of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Cantile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa, Animal Health, Section of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Neurology, Poligono Los Olivos, Getafe, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1098612X13492740","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-2867(98)80010-8"},{"key":"bibr2-1098612X13492740","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.01.013"},{"key":"bibr3-1098612X13492740","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.217.355"},{"key":"bibr4-1098612X13492740","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.12.013"},{"key":"bibr5-1098612X13492740","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2010.09.003"},{"key":"bibr6-1098612X13492740","first-page":"23","volume":"33","author":"Ader P.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Cal Vet"},{"key":"bibr7-1098612X13492740","first-page":"490","volume":"12","author":"Cusick PK","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"bibr8-1098612X13492740","first-page":"57","volume":"17","author":"Mandelker L","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr9-1098612X13492740","unstructured":"American Heartworm Society. 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