{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T10:40:55Z","timestamp":1792579255858,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]],"date-time":"2014-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417996800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Several cat breeds are defined by morphological variation of the tail. The Japanese Bobtail is a breed that has been accepted for registration only within the past 50 years; however, the congenital kinked tail variants defining this breed were documented in the Far East centuries ago and the cats are considered \u2018good luck\u2019 in several Asian cultures. The recent discovery of the mutation for the tailless Manx phenotype has demonstrated that the Japanese Bobtail does not have a causative mutation in the same gene (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T-Box<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Here, a simple segregation analysis of cats bred from a pedigreed Japanese Bobtail demonstrated a simple autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with variable expression of the tail length and kink placement. Unexpectedly, radiological examinations of the entire vertebral column of kink-tailed cats indicated variation from the normal vertebral feline formula (C7, T13, L7, S3, Cd20\u201324), including cats with mostly one reduction of thoracic vertebrae (C7, T12, L7, S3), and an average of 15.8 caudal vertebrae. A few cats had variation in the number of cervical vertebrae. Several transitional vertebrae and anomalous ribs were noted. One cat had a bifid vertebra in the tail. Most cats had hemivertebrae that were usually included in the tail kink, one of which was demonstrated by gross pathology and histopathology. The abnormal vertebral formula or the placement of the kink in the tail did not coincide with morbidity or mortality.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x14558147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,9]],"date-time":"2014-12-09T00:05:57Z","timestamp":1418083557000},"page":"719-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Japanese Bobtail: vertebral morphology and genetic characterization of an established cat breed"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Rachel E","family":"Pollard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California \u2013 Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda L","family":"Koehne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California \u2013 Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlyn B","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California \u2013 Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie A","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California \u2013 Davis, Davis, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine &amp; Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri \u2013 Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"203","article-title":"Animal model for human disease. Spina bifida, sacral dysgenesis and myelocele. Animal model: Manx cats","volume":"68","author":"Kitchen H","year":"1972","unstructured":"Kitchen H, Murray R, Cockrell B. Animal model for human disease. Spina bifida, sacral dysgenesis and myelocele. Animal model: Manx cats. Am J Pathol 1972; 68: 203.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"219","article-title":"The Manx cat: an animal model for neural tube defects","volume":"19","author":"Green ST","year":"1987","unstructured":"Green ST, Green FA. The Manx cat: an animal model for neural tube defects. Mater Med Pol 1987; 19: 219\u2013221.","journal-title":"Mater Med Pol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)53657-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2052.2007.01632.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"684","volume-title":"Textbook of veterinary diagnostic radiology","author":"Thrall DE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thrall DE. Textbook of veterinary diagnostic radiology. 5th ed. St Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, 2012, p 684.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"The Cat Fanciers\u2019 Association. Japanese Bobtail. http:\/\/www.cfainc.org\/Breeds\/BreedsCJ\/JapaneseBobtail.aspx (accessed 27 February 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/age.12008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2007.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2007.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"The Manx factor in domestic cats: a possible genetic basis for expressivity of taillessness and other associated anomalies","volume":"55","author":"Todd N","year":"1964","unstructured":"Todd N. The Manx factor in domestic cats: a possible genetic basis for expressivity of taillessness and other associated anomalies. J Hered 1964; 55: 225.","journal-title":"J Hered"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a107079"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a107474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/54.4.167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1710970212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098587100800305"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.24.5.480-b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-013-9471-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esn085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"F73","article-title":"Tales of tails: Brachyury and the T-box genes","volume":"1333","author":"Kavka AI","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kavka AI, Green JB. Tales of tails: Brachyury and the T-box genes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1333: F73\u2013F84.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","first-page":"304","article-title":"Malformations and the Manx syndrome in cats","volume":"20","author":"Deforest ME","year":"1979","unstructured":"Deforest ME, Basrur PK. Malformations and the Manx syndrome in cats. Can Vet J 1979; 20: 304\u2013314.","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2007.00314.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1968.tb01082.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X14558147","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X14558147","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X14558147","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T10:02:41Z","timestamp":1792576961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X14558147"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X14558147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x14558147","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]}}}