{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T10:44:27Z","timestamp":1792579467559,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]],"date-time":"2016-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The objectives of this study were to validate the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using feline sera, determine cross-reactivity of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      antibodies in the MAT, and evaluate if there is an association between\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      species seropositivity in aged (\u2a7e10 years) client-owned cats with and without azotemia (creatinine &gt;2 g\/dl).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A four-serovar canine leptospiral vaccine was administered to two specific pathogen-free (SPF) cats on days 0 and 14. The MAT was performed intermittently until day 42 for the serovars\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bratislava<\/jats:italic>\n                      , with a cut-off value of \u2a7e1:100. Five purpose-bred cats were infested with wild-caught\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      adults with an average\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection rate of 50%, and tested for antibodies against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      C6 peptide and DNA in skin biopsies, as well as by MAT. Sera from 66 azotemic and 75 non-azotemic cats \u2a7e10 years of age were tested for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      species antibodies using the MAT and results were compared by the \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both SPF cats seroconverted by week 3 and formed antibodies against at least one serovar. There was no cross-reactivity in the MAT using samples from cats with antibodies to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      . MAT results were positive for 4\/66 azotemic cats and 8\/75 non-azotemic cats; these results were not statistically different.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The MAT can be interpreted using feline serum and does not appear to cross-react in cats with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      antibodies. There was no association between\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      species MAT results and azotemia in this group of aged client-owned cats but further studies are needed to determine if leptospirosis contributes to feline chronic kidney disease.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x15593902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,13]],"date-time":"2015-07-13T20:54:08Z","timestamp":1436820848000},"page":"768-772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Evaluation of the\n                    <i>Leptospira<\/i>\n                    species microscopic agglutination test in experimentally vaccinated cats and\n                    <i>Leptospira<\/i>\n                    species seropositivity in aged azotemic client-owned cats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sarah B","family":"Shropshire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Companion Animal Studies, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia K","family":"Veir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Companion Animal Studies, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianne K","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Companion Animal Studies, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R","family":"Lappin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Companion Animal Studies, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0654.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"127","article-title":"Feline renal failure: questions, answers, questions","volume":"14","author":"Lulich JP","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lulich JP, O\u2019Brien TD, Osborne CA. 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