{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:34:38Z","timestamp":1787063678157,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]],"date-time":"2016-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite comprehensive diagnostics, the aetiology of meningoencephalitis (ME) in cats often remains undetermined. As a result of recently published surveys, Encephalitozoon cuniculi has gained growing importance in cats not only with ocular disorders, but also with central nervous system disease. Therefore, it was hypothesised that E cuniculi may be an underestimated pathogen in the development of feline non-suppurative and\/or granulomatous ME.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As a first step, histopathological sections of the brain of cats with encephalopathy were retrospectively reviewed to identify cases of granulomatous ME. In a second step, an immunohistochemical screening for detection of E cuniculi was performed in cases with ME of unknown origin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 59\/89 (66.3%) cats with ME, an aetiologically relevant pathogen was detected. Forty-three of 89 (48.3%) cats had a diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis. In 14\/89 (15.7%) cats, protozoan cysts were identified and infection with Toxoplasma gondii was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in all cases. In 2\/89 (2.3%) cats with granulomatous ME, fungal organisms were identified. Thirty of 89 (33.7%) cats with ME of unknown origin that underwent IHC for the detection of E cuniculi remained negative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of this study suggest that E cuniculi is unlikely to be directly associated with (non-suppurative and\/or granulomatous) ME in cats in Austria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x15621352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,10]],"date-time":"2015-12-10T21:48:53Z","timestamp":1449784133000},"page":"171-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Meningoencephalitis in cats in Austria: a study of infectious causes, including\n                    <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Frank","family":"K\u00fcnzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Small Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Rebel-Bauder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Kassl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics Austria, Consumer Health Information System (VIS), Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Leschnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Small Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelika","family":"Url","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1098612X15621352","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1997.210.01.65","volume":"210","author":"Quesnel AD","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr2-1098612X15621352","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2006.11.006"},{"key":"bibr3-1098612X15621352","first-page":"103","volume":"35","author":"Rand JS","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can Vet 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