{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:39:31Z","timestamp":1792586371307,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485302400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n The objective was to evaluate the clinical efficiacy of a constant rate infusion of heated fluid as the sole means of preventing intraoperative hypothermia in cats.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n This randomised, prospective, clinical study was conducted at a university teaching veterinary hospital. Female cats (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] grade I) undergoing elective surgery by laparotomy under general anaesthesia (acepromazine 0.05 mg\/kg SC; morphine 0.2 mg\/kg IV; propofol IV titrated, isoflurane 2% in 100% oxygen) were randomised in two groups. Both groups were infused with fluid (NaCl 0.9%, 5 ml\/kg\/h) either at room temperature (control group) or prewarmed at 43\u00b0C (warmed group) using an Astoflo Plus eco (Stihler Electronic) fluid heating device. No other heating device was used. Temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and SpO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n were evaluated after induction (T0) and every 15 mins for 1 h (T15, T30, T45, T60). Mean arterial blood pressure was recorded every 30 mins (T0, T30 and T60).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty-four female cats (ASA grade I) were enrolled in the study. There was no difference in age, weight, propofol dose or room temperature (22.4 \u00b1 1.1\u00b0C vs 22.0 \u00b1 1.5\u00b0C;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.363) between control and warmed groups, respectively. In both groups, oesophageal temperature significantly decreased during anaesthesia (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.0001). The temperature decrease after 1 h was \u22123.6 \u00b1 0.7\u00b0C in the warmed group and was not significantly different from the control group (\u22123.4 \u00b1 0.7\u00b0C;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.307). The slopes of the temperature decrease did not significantly differ between the two groups (\u20130.058 \u00b1 0.013\u00b0C\/min vs \u22120.060 \u00b1 0.010\u00b0C\/min for the control and warmed groups, respectively;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.624).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n This study provides clinical evidence that a constant rate infusion of heated fluid alone fails to prevent intraoperative hypothermia in cats. The low infusion rate (5 ml\/kg\/h) could partly explain the ineffectiveness of this active warming device in minimising or delaying the onset of intraoperative hypothermia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x16688990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]],"date-time":"2017-01-27T21:00:23Z","timestamp":1485550823000},"page":"1249-1253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Heated intravenous fluids alone fail to prevent hypothermia in cats under general anaesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Jourdan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care \u2013 Anesthesia, National School of Veterinary Medecine, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Didier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care \u2013 Anesthesia, National School of Veterinary Medecine, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwan","family":"Chotard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care \u2013 Anesthesia, National School of Veterinary Medecine, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Jacques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care \u2013 Anesthesia, National School of Veterinary Medecine, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Verwaerde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care \u2013 Anesthesia, National School of Veterinary Medecine, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2005.04033.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-0306-7.00148-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.100184"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"297","article-title":"Prevention of hypothermia in cats during routine oral hygiene procedures","volume":"38","author":"Hale FA","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hale FA, Anthony JMG. Prevention of hypothermia in cats during routine oral hygiene procedures. Can J Vet 1997; 38: 297\u2013299.","journal-title":"Can J Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1622823"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2010.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009891.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.244.12.1423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2011.00684.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X16688990","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X16688990","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X16688990","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T11:45:04Z","timestamp":1792583104000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X16688990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X16688990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x16688990","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]}}}