{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T11:34:06Z","timestamp":1793014446836,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to describe histologically the gastro-oesophageal junction in the cat and interrelationships of this region. Our hypothesis was that cats are devoid of abdominal oesophagus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three centimetres of the terminal oesophagus, the phreno-oesophageal membrane with 1\u20132 cm margins of the diaphragmatic crural muscle and the proximal 3 cm of the gastric cardia were obtained from nine domestic shorthair cats and one domestic longhair cat that were euthanased for reasons other than digestive tract pathology. Longitudinal samples were examined histologically. Evaluated parameters included the location of the phreno-oesophageal membrane with reference to the transition between the oesophageal and gastric mucosa, the thickness of the circumferential smooth muscle of the muscular layer of the distal oesophagus at points 3 mm and 6 mm cranial to the mucosa transition, and the thickness of the circumferential smooth muscle layer at the mucosa transition level. Median differences in the thickness of the smooth muscle layer were compared by performing non-parametric statistical analysis using the Mann\u2013Whitney U-test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The transition of the oesophageal to gastric mucosa was abrupt and corresponded to the point of insertion of the phreno-oesophageal membrane at the diaphragm level in all cats. The mean thickness of the circumferential smooth muscle layer at the point of oesophageal to gastric mucosa transition was significantly greater than the mean thickness of the oesophageal circumferential smooth muscle layer at 3 mm and 6 mm cranial to the mucosa transition (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2a7d0.05). The increased muscle thickness at the gastro-oesophageal junction correlates with the accepted location of the high-pressure zone, reflecting the caudal oesophageal sphincter. It seems that the whole oesophagus was situated within the thoracic rather than the abdominal cavity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No distinct abdominal oesophagus was observed in nine domestic shorthair cats and one domestic longhair cat. These findings might have implications for the pathophysiology of hiatal hernia in cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x17706799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T10:25:27Z","timestamp":1493807127000},"page":"308-311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical topographical anatomy of the gastro-oesophageal junction in the cat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Agni","family":"Voutsinou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lysimachos G","family":"Papazoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Antonopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timoleon S","family":"Rallis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1990.tb00795.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"391","article-title":"Esophageal hiatal hernia in small animals: literature review and a modified surgical technique","volume":"23","author":"Ellison GW","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ellison GW, Lewis DD, Phillips L, et al. Esophageal hiatal hernia in small animals: literature review and a modified surgical technique. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1987; 23: 391\u2013399.","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1989.tb01106.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1990.tb00801.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.213.03.381"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000141373"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02235539"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(70)90051-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2003.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-012-9514-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Crouch JE. Text-atlas of cat anatomy. Philadelphia PA: Lea and Febiger 1969 p 145."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"154","volume-title":"Atlas of feline anatomy for veterinarians","author":"Barnes JA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barnes JA. Digestive system. In: Hudson LC, Hamilton WP (eds). Atlas of feline anatomy for veterinarians. 2nd ed. Jackson, FL: Teton NewMedia, 2010, pp 154\u2013170.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1935(92)90030-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Disease mechanisms in small animal surgery","author":"Waldron DR","year":"1993","unstructured":"Waldron DR, Leib MS. Hiatal hernia. In: Bojrab MJ (ed). Disease mechanisms in small animal surgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger, 1993, pp 210\u2013213.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"138","volume-title":"Mechanisms of disease in small animal surgery","author":"Hunt GB","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hunt GB. Hiatal hernia. In: Bojrab MJ, Monnet E (eds). Mechanisms of disease in small animal surgery. 3rd ed. Jackson, FL: Teton New Media, 2010, pp 138\u2013141.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"Cornell K. Stomach. In: Tobias KM Johnston SA (eds). Veterinary surgery small animals. St Louis MO: Elsevier Saunders 2012 pp 1500\u20131512."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2002.tb12046.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X17706799","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X17706799","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X17706799","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T10:49:39Z","timestamp":1793011779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X17706799"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X17706799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x17706799","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]}}}