{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:44:55Z","timestamp":1792586695303,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506384000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the use of an intramuscular (IM) sedation protocol with butorphanol and alfaxalone in cats undergoing blood donation. We hypothesized that this drug combination would provide sufficient sedation to perform phlebotomy without causing hypotension or significant changes in heart rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six purpose-bred, healthy adult cats were sedated using IM butorphanol (0.4 mg\/kg) and alfaxalone (2\u20133 mg\/kg). Pulse and Doppler blood pressure (BP) were recorded at baseline, after sedation and immediately following phlebotomy. Once laterally recumbent, 12 ml\/kg blood was collected from the jugular vein. Sedation scores, duration of lateral recumbency and the ability to successfully perform phlebotomy were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was no significant change in heart rate post-sedation (median 190 beats per min [bpm], range 160\u2013224 bpm) or post-phlebotomy (median 200 bpm, range 180\u2013220 bpm) compared with baseline values (median 200 bpm, range 180\u2013220 bpm) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.395). A statistically significant change in BP was detected (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.029), attributed to a difference between post-sedation (median 113.3 mmHg, range 110.7\u2013130.0) and baseline (median 133.3 mmHg, range 130.0\u2013183.3) measurements. Hypotension was not observed in any cat. Collection of at least 80% of the target volume was achieved in 5\/6 cats, although all were adequately sedated to allow jugular venous phlebotomy. Median recumbency time was 53 mins (range 43\u201383 mins). Phlebotomy duration lasted a median of 13 mins (range 5\u201321 mins).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The administration of IM alfaxalone and butorphanol provided sufficient restraint for blood donation without causing hypotension or significant changes in heart rate before or after phlebotomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x17732484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T08:02:43Z","timestamp":1506412963000},"page":"793-798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Evaluation of an intramuscular butorphanol and alfaxalone protocol for feline blood donation: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Marcella C","family":"Granfone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie M","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley J","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb01935.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00527.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X14542452"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2008.00428.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.14-0200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X14551187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"250","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia","volume":"53","author":"Naigamwalla DZ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Naigamwalla DZ, Webb JA, Giger U. 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Can Vet J 2012; 53: 250\u2013256.","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb03005.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.232.6.893"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2006.02206.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.69.12.1548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2010.02865.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13598"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118997246.ch10"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X17732484","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X17732484","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X17732484","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:14:56Z","timestamp":1792584896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X17732484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X17732484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x17732484","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]}}}