{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:57:09Z","timestamp":1793444229774,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]],"date-time":"2017-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate potential risk factors for the diagnosis of feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) in cats living in a primarily indoor environment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case-control study focusing on a cohort of cats attending a first-opinion veterinary practice in Seoul, South Korea, from 2012\u20132016, was undertaken. Data were collected from cats\u2019 owners by questionnaire and analysed using a multivariable logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty-eight cases of FIC and 281 randomly selected controls were surveyed. Over 90% of the cases and controls had no access to the outside, and 100% and 91% of the cases and controls, respectively, were neutered. The estimated prevalence of an FIC diagnosis was 1.77% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36\u20132.18). The final logistic regression model included five variables associated with an FIC diagnosis. Males had 2.34 times the odds of being diagnosed with FIC compared with females (95% CI 1.18\u20134.62; P = 0.015). Cats reported as not having vantage points had 4.64 times the odds of an FIC diagnosis compared with those reported as having vantage points (95% CI 2.05\u201310.49;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). Cats living in an apartment had 2.53 times the odds of an FIC diagnosis compared with those living in a house (95% CI 1.30\u20134.93;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006). Cats cohabiting with other cats were more likely to be diagnosed with FIC than those living alone (odds ratio 3.16, 95% CI 1.61\u20136.22;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). Cats using non-clumping litter had 2.62 times the odds of an FIC diagnosis compared with those using clumping litter (95% CI 1.38\u20134.96;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was conducted in a different epidemiological context from previous studies in that the overwhelming majority of the cats studied were housed entirely indoors. This study identified several significant associations related to a cat\u2019s indoor environment. These findings suggest that the cat\u2019s physical and social environment may play a role in the development of FIC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x17734067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,3]],"date-time":"2017-10-03T14:50:07Z","timestamp":1507042207000},"page":"913-921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Epidemiological study of feline idiopathic cystitis in Seoul, South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Younjung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Veterinary College, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Hertfordshire, UK"},{"name":"Current address: City University of Hong Kong, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyungjoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baek-San Small Animal Practice, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Veterinary College, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Hertfordshire, UK"},{"name":"City University of Hong Kong, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dave","family":"Brodbelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Veterinary College, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Hertfordshire, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Ettinger SJ Feldman EC. 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