{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:44:59Z","timestamp":1792586699189,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]],"date-time":"2017-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509667200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of a commercial luteinizing hormone (LH) test as an aid in distinguishing between sexually intact and ovariectomized or castrated domestic cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Convenience serum samples collected from sexually intact female and male cats (n = 67) undergoing elective sterilization surgery and archived sera from ovariectomized and castrated cats (n = 54) were tested for LH using a commercial diagnostic assay. Test results were compared with the known reproductive status of the cats. Additionally, sera from sexually intact (n = 54) and ovariectomized (n = 94) queens were collected at specific times of the year to evaluate possible seasonal effects on test results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall test sensitivity was 89.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 82.3\u201394.2%), specificity was 92.6% (95% CI 87.1\u201396.2%) and accuracy was 91.1%. Analysis of results of female cats (n = 216) \u2013 sexually intact (n = 87) and ovariectomized (n = 129) \u2013 yielded a test sensitivity of 90.8% (95% CI 82.7\u201396.0%), a specificity of 92.3% (95% CI 86.2\u201396.2%) and accuracy of 91.7%. Analysis of the results of male cats (n = 53) \u2013 sexually intact (n = 19) and neutered (n = 34) \u2013 yielded test a sensitivity of 85.3% (95% CI 68.9\u201395.1%), a specificity of 94.7% (95% CI 74.0\u201399.9%) and accuracy of 88.7%. The sera of 10 intact queens unexpectedly yielded positive LH results; two of these cats were in estrus, based on visual inspection at the time of ovariohysterectomy. Test accuracy was 94.6% for those 148 samples collected at specific times of the year, with two samples each over three, 3 month periods yielding false-positive results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The commercial point-of-care LH test is a useful adjunct to historical and physical examination findings for determination of reproductive status in domestic cats. Repeat testing 24 h later should be considered for those female cats with signs of estrus and initial positive test results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x17738856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,31]],"date-time":"2017-12-31T13:08:28Z","timestamp":1514725708000},"page":"955-961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Accuracy of a point-of-care luteinizing hormone test for help in distinguishing between sexually intact and ovariectomized or castrated domestic cats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Matthew R","family":"Krecic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian A","family":"DiGangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"},{"name":"Current address: ASPCA, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scott Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA"},{"name":"Current address: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.249.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Zoetis. Witness LH (package insert). Lyon: Zoetis 2007."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.220.1331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"752","volume-title":"Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction","author":"Feldman EC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Feldman EC, Nelson RW. Ovarian cycle and vaginal cytology. In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (eds). Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction. 3rd ed. St Louis, MO: Saunders, 2004, pp 752\u2013774.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.05.762"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12840"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2012.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Prolific cats: the estrous cycle","volume":"23","author":"Griffin B.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Griffin B. Prolific cats: the estrous cycle. 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J Vet Intern Med 2003; 17: 432.","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.236.5.548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-72-160423-4\/50027-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"930","volume-title":"Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction","author":"Feldman EC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Feldman EC, Nelson RW. Clinical and diagnostic evaluation of the male reproductive tract. In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (eds). Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction. 3rd ed. St Louis, MO: Saunders, 2004, pp 930\u2013952.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"382","article-title":"LH testing is accurate for diagnosing the presence or absence of testicular tissue in dogs [abstract]","volume":"2","author":"Wheeler R","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wheeler R, Kutzler M. LH testing is accurate for diagnosing the presence or absence of testicular tissue in dogs [abstract]. Clin Theriogenol 2010; 2: 382.","journal-title":"Clin Theriogenol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/47.1.139"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(96)01133-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","article-title":"Cryptorchidism in cats","volume":"15","author":"Richardson EF","year":"1993","unstructured":"Richardson EF, Mullen H. Cryptorchidism in cats. 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