{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:47:08Z","timestamp":1792597628998,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]],"date-time":"2018-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to determine the inter-rater reliability and convergent validity of the Colorado State University Feline Acute Pain Scale (CSU-FAPS) in a preliminary appraisal of its performance in a clinical teaching setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-eight female cats were assessed for pain after ovariohysterectomy. A cohort of 21 cats was examined independently by four raters (two board-certified anesthesiologists and two anesthesia residents) with the CSU-FAPS, and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine inter-rater reliability. Weighted Cohen\u2019s kappa was used to determine inter-rater reliability centered on the \u2018need to reassess analgesic plan\u2019 (dichotomous scale). A separate cohort of 47 cats was evaluated independently by two raters (one board-certified anesthesiologist and one veterinary small animal rotating intern) using the CSU-FAPS and the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-Feline), and Spearman rank-order correlation was determined to assess convergent validity. Reliability was interpreted using Altman\u2019s classification as very good, good, moderate, fair and poor. Validity was considered adequate if correlation coefficients were between 0.4 and 0.8.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ICC was 0.61 for anesthesiologists and 0.67 for residents, indicating good reliability. Weighted Cohen\u2019s kappa was 0.79 for anesthesiologists and 0.44 for residents, indicating moderate to good reliability. The Spearman rank correlation indicated a statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0003) positive correlation (0.31; 95% confidence interval 0.14\u20130.46) between the CSU-FAPS and the CMPS-Feline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CSU-FAPS showed moderate-to-good inter-rater reliability when used by veterinarians to assess pain level or need to reassess analgesic plan after ovariohysterectomy in cats. The validity fell short of current guidelines for correlation coefficients and further refinement and testing are warranted to improve its performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x18777506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]],"date-time":"2018-05-31T09:26:07Z","timestamp":1527758767000},"page":"335-339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Preliminary appraisal of the reliability and validity of the Colorado State University Feline Acute Pain Scale"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Hilary","family":"Shipley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7980-9018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alonso","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynelle","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Goudie-DeAngelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BluePearl Veterinary Partners, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Wendt-Hornickle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-08935-7.00002-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-08935-7.00003-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12717"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2005.36504"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2987.2004.00175.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"453","article-title":"Factors affecting the use of postincisional analgesics in dogs and cats by Canadian veterinarians in 2001","volume":"47","author":"Hewson CJ","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hewson CJ, Dohoo IR, Lemke KA. 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