{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:35:33Z","timestamp":1792787733672,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Merial France"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Currently, there are only a few studies on how immunocompromised cats, such as cats infected with feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), respond to vaccination. Therefore, this study measured feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) antibodies in retrovirus-infected cats within a period of 28 days after FPV vaccination, and compared the immune response to that of non-infected cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eight asymptomatic retrovirus-infected cats (four FeLV, four FIV), and non-infected age-matched control cats (n = 67) were vaccinated with a commercial FPV modified live virus (MLV). Pre- and post-vaccination antibody titres were measured by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) on days 0, 7 and 28. An HI titre \u2a7e1:40 was defined as protective. An adequate response to vaccination was defined as a four-fold titre increase or higher. Comparison of the immune response of retrovirus-infected and non-infected cats was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre-vaccination FPV antibody titres \u2a7e1:40 were present in 100% (n = 8\/8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 62.8\u2013100) of retrovirus-infected and in 77.6% (n = 52\/67; 95% CI 66.2\u201386.0) of non-infected cats. An adequate response to vaccination (titre increase \u2a7efour-fold) was seen in 1\/8 retrovirus-infected cats (12.5%; 95% CI 0.1\u201349.2) compared with 22\/67 non-infected cats (32.8%; 95% CI 22.8\u201344.8). In cats with high pre-vaccination titres (\u2a7e1:160), a four-fold titre increase or higher was observed in 1\/8 retrovirus infected cats (12.5%; 95% CI 0.1\u201349.2) compared with 4\/42 non-infected cats (9.5%; 95% CI 3.2\u201322.6). None of the eight retrovirus-infected cats developed illness or vaccination side effects after vaccination with MLV against FPV within the 28 days. There were no significant differences between groups: for pre-vaccination titres; for at least four-fold titre increases following vaccination in either all cats or the cats with high pre-vaccination titres; and concerning adverse effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All retrovirus-infected asymptomatic cats had pre-vaccination FPV antibodies indicating protection against panleukopenia. Response of retrovirus-infected cats to vaccination was similar to the response of non-infected cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x18816463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T03:34:10Z","timestamp":1545017650000},"page":"1094-1101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Antibody response to feline panleukopenia virus vaccination in cats with asymptomatic retrovirus infections: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8856-3849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mich\u00e8le","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Schwertler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Speck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Truyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"Hartmann K Lloret A Thiry E et al. ABCD guidelines on vaccination in immunosuppressed cats. http:\/\/www.abcdcatsvets.org\/vaccination-in-immunosuppressed-cats\/ (2017 accessed June 8 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"136","volume-title":"Infectious diseases of the dog and cat","author":"Sellon RK","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sellon RK, Hartmann K. Feline immunodeficiency virus infection. In: Greene CE (ed). Infectious diseases of the dog and cat. 4th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders, 2012, pp 136\u2013149.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1991.199.10.1446"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"568","article-title":"Cytokine production by cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus: a longitudinal study","volume":"85","author":"Lawrence CE","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lawrence CE, Callanan JJ, Willett BJ, et al. Cytokine production by cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus: a longitudinal study. Immunology 1995; 85: 568\u2013574.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.158.16.555"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","unstructured":"Franchini M. Die Tollwutimpfung von mit Felinem Leuk\u00e4mivirus infizierten Katzen (Rabies vaccination in cats infected with feline leukemia virus). Veterinary Dissertation University of Zurich 1990."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.220.38"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2011.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X17747740"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2004.224.61"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/26.4.404"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2013.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199106000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"1275","volume-title":"Kirk\u2019s current veterinary therapy XV","author":"Hartmann K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hartmann K. Management of feline retrovirus-infected cats. In: Bonogura JD, Twedt DC (eds). Kirk\u2019s current veterinary therapy XV. 15th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders, 2014, pp 1275\u20131283.","edition":"15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13500429"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-8-62"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(95)93126-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.08.105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/529197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.6.1655S"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X16649525"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2004.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"183","article-title":"Feline viruses.V. Serum-neutralization test for feline panleukopenia","volume":"60","author":"Scott FW","year":"1970","unstructured":"Scott FW, Csiza CK, Gillespie JH. Feline viruses.V. Serum-neutralization test for feline panleukopenia. Cornell Vet 1970; 60: 183\u2013191.","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms1939.37.5_239"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X12440531"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X18816463","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X18816463","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X18816463","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:26:38Z","timestamp":1792585598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X18816463"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X18816463"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x18816463","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]}}}