{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:55:32Z","timestamp":1792598132648,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610496000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009612","name":"oregon state university","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009612","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n The study hypotheses were as follows: (1) owing to the unique anatomy of the feline middle ear, the hypotympanum would be entered in less than 100% of cats during total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomies (TECA-LBOs); and (2) incomplete penetration of the septum and subsequent failure to enter the hypotympanum is more likely to occur in surgeries performed by a novice surgeon when compared with an experienced surgeon and may be under-recognized.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Head CT was performed in 12 feline cadavers to confirm absence of gross ear disease. A novice surgeon and an experienced surgeon were randomly assigned to perform TECA-LBO on the left or right ear. Surgeons were blinded to each other\u2019s surgical technique. CT of cadavers was performed after the procedure. Successful penetration of the septum, entry into the hypotympanic cavity and amount of bone removed in bulla osteotomy, quantified via CT, were compared between the novice surgeon and experienced surgeon.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The novice surgeon entered the hypotympanum in 3\/12 (25%) procedures, compared with 9\/12 (75%) procedures performed by the experienced surgeon. The experienced surgeon performed a larger osteotomy than the novice surgeon (3301\u2009mm vs 1376\u2009mm,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.0023). Regardless of surgeon experience, more bone was removed in surgeries in which the hypotympanum was entered.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n Our results underscore the need for familiarity with feline middle ear anatomy when performing TECA-LBOs. Postoperative CT is recommended for novice surgeons to confirm entry into the hypotympanum.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x20983264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T22:11:20Z","timestamp":1610662280000},"page":"900-905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Experience level as a predictor of entry into the hypotympanum during feline total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Lea R","family":"Mehrkens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6405-0793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katy L","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacy D","family":"Cooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Milovancev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren E","family":"Newsom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"377","article-title":"Lateral approach to subtotal bulla osteotomy in dogs: pertinent anatomy and procedural details.","volume":"27","author":"Smeak DD","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smeak DD, Inpanbutr N. Lateral approach to subtotal bulla osteotomy in dogs: pertinent anatomy and procedural details. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 2005; 27: 377\u2013385.","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1990.tb00683.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1992.tb01121.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2003.tb00101.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2011.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.196.01.84"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1997.tb01486.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1988.tb01012.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1990.tb01159.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1986.tb02150.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502008000200014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","unstructured":"Haahr M Haahr S. Random integer generator. http:\/\/www.randomorg\/integers\/ (1998 accessed April 2 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"2059","article-title":"Pinna and external ear canal","author":"Baco NJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baco NJ. Pinna and external ear canal. In: Tobias K, Johnson S (eds). Veterinary small animal surgery. St Louis, MO: Elsevier 2012, pp 2059\u20132077.","journal-title":"Veterinary small animal surgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-5738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1986.9694061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-57-1-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.250.2.215"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X20983264","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X20983264","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X20983264","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:26:03Z","timestamp":1792596363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X20983264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X20983264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x20983264","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]}}}