{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:55:33Z","timestamp":1792598133663,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610496000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systemic hypertension (SHT) causes severe target organ damage (TOD) and blood pressure (BP) measurement should be routine in at-risk populations. Fundoscopy is a tool to corroborate acute clinical relevance of high BP results and to decide on immediate therapy. Not every cat with a high BP result can be examined by an ophthalmologist. The study objective was to determine the reliability of fundoscopy in cats with SHT performed by a veterinarian without ophthalmology specialty training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cats with suspicion of hypertensive TOD or belonging to an at-risk population for SHT with a first measurement of elevated BP\u2009&gt;160\u2009mmHg were enrolled. Indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed by a recent graduate veterinarian followed by a veterinary ophthalmologist. Confirmation of SHT was based on two additional sets of systolic BP measurements\u2009&gt;160\u2009mmHg by Doppler sphygmomanometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-three cats were included. SHT was confirmed in 27 cats. SHT was detected on routine examinations in 12\/27 cats; fundoscopic lesions were observed in 9\/12 by the non-trained veterinarian and in 11\/12 by an ophthalmologist. Nine of 27 cats were neurological patients; fundoscopic lesions were detected in 4\/9 by the non-trained veterinarian and in 7\/9 by an ophthalmologist. Six of 27 cats were presented for acute blindness; fundus lesions were detected in all six cats by the non-trained veterinarian and ophthalmologist. SHT was not confirmed and fundoscopic lesions were not detected by either examiner in 6\/33 cats. Compared with a veterinary ophthalmologist, reliability of detecting fundus abnormalities by the non-trained veterinarian was 72% (13\/18) for cats with, and 100% (6\/6) for cats without, vision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fundus examination by a non-specialty trained veterinarian has reasonably high reliability for the detection of ocular TOD. Private practice veterinarians are encouraged to perform an initial fundic examination in suspected hypertensive cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x20983265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T22:11:20Z","timestamp":1610662280000},"page":"921-927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Reliability of detecting fundus abnormalities associated with systemic hypertension in cats assessed by veterinarians with and without ophthalmology specialty training"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Moretto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7415-0584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnold","family":"Lavaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Suter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8999-1223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"G\u00fcnther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Pot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2456-9536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Glaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.217.695"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2001.tb02008.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12589"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15394"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15429"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03202.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1994.tb03835.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.220.1799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2003.tb01328.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb03005.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.2001.00190.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"1978","volume-title":"Veterinary ophthalmology","author":"Cullen CL","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cullen CL, Webb AA. 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