{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:27:03Z","timestamp":1777850823827,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a pivotal enzyme in the cyclooxygenase family, plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. While its expression is well documented in various neoplasms in humans and dogs, data on COX-2 expression in feline neoplasms, particularly nasal malignant epithelial tumours, is limited. This study aimed to evaluate COX-2 expression in feline nasal malignant epithelial tumours through immunohistochemistry. We hypothesised that these tumours would exhibit COX-2 expression, consistent with findings in humans and dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from feline nasal malignant epithelial tumours were retrospectively analysed for COX-2 expression by immunohistochemistry. Biopsies from cats previously treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were excluded. Immunohistochemistry was performed with a monoclonal rabbit antibody, with feline renal macula densa cells serving as the positive control. The immunoreactive score (IRS) combined a semiquantitative estimation of immunolabelled neoplastic cells with labelling intensity. Scores in the range of 0\u20131 were classified as negative, 2\u20133 as low, 4\u20138 as intermediate and greater than 8 as high COX-2 expression levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 18 feline nasal biopsies (nine adenocarcinomas, seven carcinomas, one squamous cell carcinoma and one mucinous carcinoma) were included. Clinical signs included nasal discharge, sneezing, epistaxis and inspiratory dyspnoea. COX-2 expression was not detected in any case (IRS\u2009=\u20090). Follow-up data were available for 7\/18 cats. The overall median survival time after diagnosis in our cohort was 667 days (range 0\u20131642).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In contrast to canine nasal malignant epithelial tumours, COX-2 expression was not observed in feline nasal malignant epithelial tumours. These results suggest species-specific differences in COX-2 expression in nasal malignant epithelial tumours. Further studies evaluating other carcinogenesis pathways, such as vascular endothelial growth factor or platelet-derived growth factor, seem crucial to better understand feline nasal malignant epithelial tumours and to improve their therapeutic management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x251314336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T05:09:26Z","timestamp":1750050566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Immunohistochemical evaluation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in feline nasal malignant epithelial tumours"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5940-7129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Diop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9263-1744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aude M","family":"Canonne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019Alfort, Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Maisons-Alfort, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, INSERM, IMRB, Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Huet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Anatomo-cytopathologie, Biop\u00f4le Alfort, \u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France"},{"name":"UMR1161 Virologie, INRAE, \u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019Alfort, ANSES, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0017-6930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edouard","family":"Reyes-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil, INSERM, IMRB, Cr\u00e9teil, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Anatomo-cytopathologie, Biop\u00f4le Alfort, \u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2400-8309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my","family":"B\u00e9guin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019Alfort, Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Maisons-Alfort, France"},{"name":"UMR1161 Virologie, INRAE, \u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019Alfort, ANSES, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-6980(02)00024-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","article-title":"Analgesic effects of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors.","author":"Jayr C.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jayr C. Analgesic effects of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors. Bull Cancer 2004; 91 Suppl 2: S125\u2013S131.","journal-title":"Bull Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-0325"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2004.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.1.361"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"961","article-title":"Tumor cyclooxygenase 2-dependent suppression of dendritic cell function.","volume":"9","author":"Sharma S","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sharma S, Stolina M, Yang SC, et al. Tumor cyclooxygenase 2-dependent suppression of dendritic cell function. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9: 961\u2013968.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10434-001-0458-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27411"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2004.04046.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810379434"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.40-2-207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.40-5-496"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12096"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1486-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.13255"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23360"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2004.36.3.187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2010.00243.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2024.106064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.22-0106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-010-9296-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12776"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2004.tb12151.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"339","article-title":"Tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses in cats: 32 cases with comparison to a national database (1977 through 1987).","volume":"27","author":"Cox NR","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cox NR, Brawner WR, Powers R, et al. Tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses in cats: 32 cases with comparison to a national database (1977 through 1987). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1991: 27: 339\u2013347.","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-35-6-457"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","unstructured":"Moulton JE. Tumors in domestic animals. 3rd ed. Berkeley CA: University of California Press 1990."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2003.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2009.01545.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870601800612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","first-page":"1309","article-title":"COX-2 overexpression in canine tumors: potential therapeutic targets in oncology.","volume":"20","author":"Spugnini EP","year":"2005","unstructured":"Spugnini EP, Porrello A, Citro G, et al. COX-2 overexpression in canine tumors: potential therapeutic targets in oncology. Histol Histopathol 2005; 20: 1309\u20131312.","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2011.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870001200402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2470152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2023.5564"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34394"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1002589"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.460"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb03063.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","first-page":"114","article-title":"Expression and localization of cyclooxigenases (Cox-1 and Cox-2) in nasal respiratory mucosa. Does Cox-2 play a key role in the immunology of nasal polyps?","volume":"14","author":"Gosepath J","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gosepath J, Brieger J, Gletsou E, et al. Expression and localization of cyclooxigenases (Cox-1 and Cox-2) in nasal respiratory mucosa. Does Cox-2 play a key role in the immunology of nasal polyps? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2004; 14: 114\u2013118.","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00212.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2004.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12583"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16098"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X211070737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10520295.2020.1818826"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13387"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251314336","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X251314336","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251314336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:12:18Z","timestamp":1777500738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X251314336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X251314336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x251314336","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"article-number":"1098612X251314336"}}