{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:02:15Z","timestamp":1793829735313,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignant tumour arising from squamous epithelium and accounts for 15% of all skin tumours, commonly involving the nasal planum, pinnae and eyelids. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines the application of short high-voltage electric pulses with intravenous or intralesional administration of cytotoxic agents to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of ECT with intravenously administered bleomycin in the treatment of different stages of cSCC (T1\u2013T4).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 23 cats with cSCC located on the nasal planum (19\/23), lip (1\/23), eyelid (1\/23), metacarpal pad (1\/23) and temporal region (1\/23) were included in this retrospective study. Cats were excluded if they did not have a histological or cytological diagnosis of cSCC or if records were incomplete. All cats were treated following a standard protocol with intravenous bleomycin before electroporation of cSCC lesions. Cats were staged according to the World Health Organization staging system: T1 (10\/23), T2 (4\/23), T3 (1\/23) and T4 (8\/23). Data on treatment adverse effects and response were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median follow-up after initial treatment was 136 days (range 7\u20131763). Common adverse effects were local effects in 13\/23 cats consisting of erythema, desquamation (dry\/moist), ulceration and crusting. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 65.3% of cases, partial response in 13%, stable disease in 8.7% and progressive disease in 13%. Eight cats received a second ECT treatment, with 4\/8 cats achieving CR after the second treatment. The overall response rate was 78.3%. The recurrence rate was 26.7%, with a disease-free interval of 466 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ECT is effective in treating T1 and T2 cSCC and can be considered a relevant treatment alternative for these cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x251347152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T04:18:28Z","timestamp":1753071508000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Electrochemotherapy is effective in the treatment of early-stage feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1875-513X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merianna","family":"Foo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southpaws Specialty, Emergency &amp; Referral Hospital, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliisa","family":"Peura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southpaws Specialty, Emergency &amp; Referral Hospital, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan Shong","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southpaws Specialty, Emergency &amp; Referral Hospital, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Gramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southpaws Specialty, Emergency &amp; Referral Hospital, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589102800506"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-33-4-329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-35775-3.00017-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"1073","article-title":"Sunlight exposure and risk of developing cutaneous and oral squamous cell carcinomas in white cats.","volume":"46","author":"Dorn CR","year":"1971","unstructured":"Dorn CR, Taylor DO, Schneider R. Sunlight exposure and risk of developing cutaneous and oral squamous cell carcinomas in white cats. J Natl Cancer Inst 1971; 46: 1073\u20131078.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12887"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayres SA Liptak JM. Head and neck tumors. In: Kudnig ST S\u00e9guin B (eds). Veterinary surgical oncology. 2nd ed. Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons 2022 pp 143\u2013181.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119089124.ch5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"Owen LN and World Health Organization. TNM classification of tumours in domestic animals. Geneva Switzerland: World Health Organization 1980."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1018-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2005.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.231.5.736"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4162-9060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0186.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5810.2004.00040.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"613","article-title":"Electrochemotherapy, a new antitumor treatment: first clinical trial [article in French].","volume":"313","author":"Mir LM","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mir LM, Belehradek M, Domenge C, et al. Electrochemotherapy, a new antitumor treatment: first clinical trial [article in French]. C R Acad Sci III 1991; 313: 613\u2013618.","journal-title":"C R Acad Sci III"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2019.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13507071"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","article-title":"Operating procedures of the electrochemotherapy for treatment of tumor in dogs and cats.","volume":"116","author":"Tozon N","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tozon N, Lampreht Tratar U, Znidar K, et al. Operating procedures of the electrochemotherapy for treatment of tumor in dogs and cats. J Vis Exp 2016; 116. DOI: 10.3791\/54760.","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75472-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12677"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","article-title":"A retrospective multicentric study of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of feline nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma.","volume":"8","author":"Simc\u02c7ic\u02c7 P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Simc\u02c7ic\u02c7 P, Pierini A, Lubas G, et al. A retrospective multicentric study of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of feline nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Sci 2021; 8. DOI: 10.3390\/vetsci8030053.","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X241248043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X18773913"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ovj.v7i1.8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5394(01)00114-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","first-page":"246","article-title":"Increasing the repetition frequency of electric pulse delivery reduces unpleasant sensations that occur in electrochemotherapy.","volume":"54","author":"Zupanic A","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zupanic A, Ribaric S, Miklavcic D. Increasing the repetition frequency of electric pulse delivery reduces unpleasant sensations that occur in electrochemotherapy. Neoplasma 2007; 54: 246\u2013250.","journal-title":"Neoplasma"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251347152","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X251347152","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251347152","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:12:22Z","timestamp":1777500742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X251347152"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X251347152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x251347152","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"article-number":"1098612X251347152"}}