{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:01:40Z","timestamp":1790949700304,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"IVC EVIDENCIA","award":["RES-RS252022-UK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RES-RS252022-UK"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to describe spontaneous late-onset myoclonic epilepsy (SLOME) in older cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective, two-centre study was conducted on cats diagnosed with spontaneous (non-audiogenic) head myoclonus between 2015 and 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 15 cats were included. Breeds included domestic shorthair (11\/15, 73%) and one each (7%) of domestic longhair, Somali, Burmese and Russian Blue. Of the 15 cats, eight (53%) were castrated males and seven (47%) were spayed females. All cats were older, with a median age at presentation of 13.2 years (range 8.9\u201317). The median duration between the first episode and presentation was 5.5 months (range 1\u201324). All cats (15\/15, 100%) presented with spontaneous, non-audiogenic myoclonus of the head, some of which had additional thoracic limb (3\/15, 20%) or full body (1\/15, 7%) involvement. Myoclonus frequency was progressive, with multiple daily or weekly episodes in half of the population (7\/15, 47%). Two cats (2\/15, 13%) had concurrent generalised tonic\u2013clonic seizures. Eight cats (53%) had advanced imaging that was normal in all but three (37%) cats with concurrent brain atrophy, otitis media\/externa and a pituitary mass. A diagnosis of SLOME was made in all cats. Levetiracetam (7\/15, 47%) and phenobarbital (1\/15, 7%) were administered, and all cats had a positive response, displaying either resolution or significant reduction in frequency of the myoclonus at a median follow-up time of 128 days (range 30\u2013300).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SLOME is a novel epileptic seizure phenotype prevalent in older cats, unrelated to audiogenic triggers, and occasionally accompanied by generalised tonic\u2013clonic seizures. Levetiracetam could result in dramatic improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x251349698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T07:18:52Z","timestamp":1755933532000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Spontaneous late-onset myoclonic epilepsy in cats: 15 cases (2015\u20132023)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-2527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theofanis","family":"Liatis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK"},{"name":"Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, IVC Evidencia, Ringwood, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5356-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athina","family":"Karpozilou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, IVC Evidencia, Ringwood, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberta","family":"De Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12917"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14771"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2010.0312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1614478114"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985818758471"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","article-title":"Canine Lafora disease: an unstable repeat expansion disorder.","volume":"11","author":"Von Klopmann T","year":"2021","unstructured":"Von Klopmann T, Ahonen S, Espadas-Santiuste I, et al. Canine Lafora disease: an unstable repeat expansion disorder. Life (Basel) 2021; 11. 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Presumed gabapentin-induced myoclonus in two cats. JFMS Open Rep 2024; 10. DOI: 10.1177\/20551169241273634.","journal-title":"JFMS Open Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2024.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","first-page":"389","article-title":"Myoclonus and hypersensitivity of the hind limbs and tail with urinary retention following neuraxial administration of morphine in a cat.","volume":"62","author":"Fujiyama M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fujiyama M, Lavallee J, Lewis K, et al. Myoclonus and hypersensitivity of the hind limbs and tail with urinary retention following neuraxial administration of morphine in a cat. Can Vet J 2021; 62: 389\u2013392.","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","article-title":"Drug-induced myoclonus: a systematic review.","volume":"61","author":"Rissardo JP","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rissardo JP, Fornari Caprara AL, Bhal N, et al. Drug-induced myoclonus: a systematic review. 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