{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:27:14Z","timestamp":1777850834395,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n It is often suggested in the literature that the anatomy of the extrahepatic portal vein (EHPV) in dogs and cats is similar. Nevertheless, variations and contradictions in the tributaries of the EHPV in cats have been described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the normal anatomical variations of the tributaries of the EHPV in a large cohort of cats.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of abdominal CT angiography (CTA) scans was performed. Cats that underwent CTA between January 2020 and July 2024 were reviewed in consensus by three observers. Cats with vascular anomalies or CTA scans in which the EHPV or its tributaries could not be accurately evaluated were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n A total of 52 CTA scans were included. The splenic vein (SV) was consistently present in all cats as the most caudally inserting vein in the EHPV. The left gastric vein (LGV) entered the EHPV directly in 42\/52 cats and, in 36 of those, the LGV was the most cranial vein entering the EHPV. In 28 cats with direct insertion, a second branch of the LGV entered the SV. In eight cats, a single LGV entered the SV, as is typically seen in dogs. In the remaining two cats, the LGV was not identified. In 34\/52 cats, the gastroduodenal vein entered the EHPV, as described in dogs, whereas in the remaining 18 cats, the right gastric vein and cranial pancreaticoduodenal vein entered the EHPV together.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n Various anatomical variations of the inserting veins in the EHPV were identified. Knowledge about the variation in normal anatomy of the EHPV and its tributaries is important, especially to evaluate complex pathologies of the EHPV, such as vascular anomalies and EHPV thromboses.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x251368447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T17:13:18Z","timestamp":1759252398000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anatomical variations in the tributaries of the normal feline extrahepatic portal system: evaluation with CT angiography"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0256-4392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moniek MWM","family":"Dekkers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nausikaa","family":"Devriendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8087-256X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilde de","family":"Rooster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimmy","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmelie","family":"Stock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001270106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Hudson LC Hamilton WP. Cardiovascular system. In: Atlas of feline anatomy for veterinarians. Saunders 1993 pp 98\u2013102."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"Mayhew PD Weisse C. Liver and biliary system. In: Tobias KM Johnston AJ (eds). Veterinary surgery: small animal. Saunders Elsevier 2012 pp 1601\u20131623."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/5599-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13363"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","article-title":"Anomalies of the portal venous system in dogs and cats as seen on multidetector-row computed tomography: an overview and systematization proposal.","volume":"6","author":"Bertolini G.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bertolini G. Anomalies of the portal venous system in dogs and cats as seen on multidetector-row computed tomography: an overview and systematization proposal. Vet Sci 2019; 6 . DOI: 10.3390\/vetsci6010010.","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0048.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12685"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15649"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.1993.tb00356.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12392"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-672020210002e1666"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.238.1.89"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.24038"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x261418571","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000}}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251368447","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X251368447","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251368447","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:12:29Z","timestamp":1777500749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X251368447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X251368447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x251368447","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"article-number":"1098612X251368447"}}