{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:26:47Z","timestamp":1777850807781,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to detect hypoglycaemia episodes and evaluate glucose dynamics and glycaemic variability in insulin-treated diabetic and healthy cats using a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). Blood glucose curves are useful for managing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) but may miss the nadir and peak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A CGMS with a 7-day recording period (range 2.2\u201322.2\u2009mmol\/l) was implanted in six healthy and 10 insulin-treated diabetic cats to obtain 24-h glucose curves. For each cat, mean, minimum and maximum glucose concentration, SD and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated for the daytime and night-time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Most diabetic cats removed sensors prematurely, but 24-h curves were obtained in all; the only adverse effect of the device was mild local skin irritation. In healthy cats, nights had higher SD (0.6\u2009mmol\/l [range 0.2\u20130.8] vs 0.4\u2009mmol\/l [range 0.2\u20130.6];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.037) and CV (13% [range 5\u201323] vs 10% [range 4\u201316];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.041) compared with the days; mean, minimum and maximum glucose concentration showed no diurnal-nocturnal differences. In diabetic cats, no differences were observed for mean, minimum and maximum glucose concentrations, SD and CV. Hypoglycaemia episodes (&lt;3.5\u2009mmol\/l) occurred in five healthy and four diabetic cats, either during the day or night. Compared with well-controlled diabetic cats, those with moderate to poor control had higher mean and maximum glucose concentrations during the 24\u2009h and had higher SD during the day than at night.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Continuous glucose monitoring revealed increased nocturnal glycaemic variability in healthy cats but not in diabetic cats. Furthermore, cats with moderately to poorly controlled DM had higher diurnal glycaemic variability than those well controlled. Low glucose concentrations occurred in both groups and at any time, emphasising the benefit of 24-h glucose curves in diabetic cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x251376606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T10:17:21Z","timestamp":1762597041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of continuous glucose monitoring profiles during the day and night in healthy and diabetic cats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0541-6381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carole","family":"Schuppisser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy"},{"name":"Studio Veterinario Associato Vet2Vet di Ferri e Porporato, Orbassano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia E","family":"Reusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2456-9536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Glaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Zini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"},{"name":"AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1980.tb132008.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.04400010149024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.17328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"285","article-title":"Consensus statement on self-monitoring of blood glucose in diabetes: a European perspective.","volume":"18","author":"Schnell O","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schnell O, Alawi H, Battelino T, et al. 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Rates and predictors of hypoglycaemia in 27,585 people from 24 countries with insulin-treated type 1 and type 2 diabetes: the global HAT study. 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Subcutaneous glucose predicts plasma glucose independent of insulin: implications for continuous monitoring. Am J Physiol 1999; 277: E561\u2013E571.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2018.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"1781","volume-title":"Textbook of veterinary internal medicine","author":"Rand J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rand J, Gottlieb SA. Feline diabetes mellitus. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, Cote E (eds). Textbook of veterinary internal medicine. 8th ed. 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