{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:36:10Z","timestamp":1791894970822,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"the Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Program P4-0053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Program P4-0053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study aimed to investigate the extent and type of inflammation using the complete blood count (CBC) and selected CBC-derived inflammatory markers (neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio [NLR], monocyte:lymphocyte ratio [MLR] and systemic inflammation response index [SIRI]) in cats with cardiomyopathy stages American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) B and ACVIM C vs healthy cats. The second aim was to find any differences in CBC and CBC-derived inflammatory markers between cardiogenic pleural effusion and cardiogenic pulmonary oedema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      For comparison between the control, ACVIM B and ACVIM C groups, one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or Quade\u2019s non-parametric ANCOVA, with age included as a covariate, was used. The independent\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test or Mann\u2013Whitney test was used for comparison of data between cats with pulmonary oedema and those with pleural effusion. A value of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2a7d0.05 was considered significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 66 cats with cardiomyopathy (33 ACVIM B and 33 ACVIM C) and 24 healthy cats were included in the study. Cats in the ACVIM C group had a significantly higher white blood cell concentration than those in the ACVIM B control groups. Cats in the ACVIM C group had significantly higher neutrophil concentration, NLR, MLR and SIRI than healthy cats. Cats in the ACVIM B group had a significantly higher NLR and SIRI than healthy cats. Cats with pulmonary oedema and cats with pleural effusion did not differ significantly in any of the investigated CBC and selected CBC-derived inflammatory markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results support the presence of inflammation in feline cardiomyopathies, particularly in the ACVIM C stage. With the parameters used, no differences in the extent or type of inflammation between cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and pleural effusion was demonstrable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x251385885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T03:46:07Z","timestamp":1758858367000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evidence for chronic inflammation in cats with cardiomyopathies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5491-0753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Krofic\u02c7 \u017del","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Faculty, Small Animal Clinic, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun-Ho","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1199-4501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alenka","family":"Nemec Svete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Faculty, Small Animal Clinic, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5636-9163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Domanjko Petric\u02c7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Faculty, Small Animal Clinic, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X14536176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2015.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2015.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2021.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985819837717"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-023-10307-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1005697"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-006-9196-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-024-01959-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051256"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12031128"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S283835"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-018-0372-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2023.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12809"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-02878-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.03.0131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13182821"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","article-title":"Severity of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs may be predicted using neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio.","volume":"84","author":"Ku D","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ku D, Chae Y, Kim C, et al. Severity of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs may be predicted using neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio. Am J Vet Res 2023; 84. DOI: 10.2460\/ajvr.23.01.0012.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2021.00042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.813524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X211021819"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15745"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2257.2006.00870.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2257.2006.00871.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638713493419"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","first-page":"770","article-title":"Enhancing the interpretation of significant findings: the role of mixed methods research.","volume":"9","author":"Onwuegbuzie AJ","year":"2004","unstructured":"Onwuegbuzie AJ, Leech NL. Enhancing the interpretation of significant findings: the role of mixed methods research. Qual Rep 2004; 9: 770\u2013792.","journal-title":"Qual Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15757"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","article-title":"A retrospective comparative evaluation of selected blood cell ratios, acute phase proteins, and leukocyte changes suggestive of inflammation in cats.","volume":"13","author":"Donato G","year":"2023","unstructured":"Donato G, Pennisi MG, Persichetti MF, et al. A retrospective comparative evaluation of selected blood cell ratios, acute phase proteins, and leukocyte changes suggestive of inflammation in cats. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13 . DOI: 10.3390\/ani13162579.","journal-title":"Animals (Basel"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","article-title":"Hemogram-derived inflammatory markers in cats with chronic kidney disease.","volume":"14","author":"Krofic\u02c7 \u017del M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krofic\u02c7 \u017del M, Nemec Svete A, Tozon N, et al. Hemogram-derived inflammatory markers in cats with chronic kidney disease. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14 . DOI: 10.3390\/ani14121813.","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","article-title":"Higher systemic inflammation response index is associated with increased risk of heart failure in adults: an observational study.","volume":"103","author":"Wang X","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang M, Shen Y. Higher systemic inflammation response index is associated with increased risk of heart failure in adults: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103. DOI: 10.1097\/MD.0000000000038625.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","unstructured":"Latimer K Prasse KW. Leukocytes. In: Latimer K Prasse KW (eds). Duncan & Prasse\u2019s veterinary laboratory medicine: clinical pathology. 4th ed. Ames IA: Blackwell Publishing 2003 pp 46\u201379."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","article-title":"Hematological and biochemical variables in congestive heart failure in dogs.","volume":"4","author":"Deepti BR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deepti BR, Yathiraj S. Hematological and biochemical variables in congestive heart failure in dogs. Int J Sci Environ Technol 2015; 4: 836\u2013840.","journal-title":"Int J Sci Environ Technol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","article-title":"Updates on laboratory evaluation of feline cardiac diseases.","volume":"8","author":"Gavazza A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gavazza A, Marchegiani A, Guerriero L, et al. Updates on laboratory evaluation of feline cardiac diseases. Vet Sci 2021; 8. DOI: 10.3390\/vetsci8030041.","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12387"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1338025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-023-03056-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-022-04469-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12445"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X211030218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10091954"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13233674"}],"container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251385885","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1098612X251385885","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1098612X251385885","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:12:04Z","timestamp":1777500724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1098612X251385885"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1098612X251385885"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x251385885","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-612X","1532-2750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-612X","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"article-number":"1098612X251385885"}}